AI Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

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Discovery of mutations predictive of survival benefit from immunotherapy in first-line NSCLC: A retrospective machine learning study of IMpower150 liquid biopsy data.

Computers in biology and medicine
Predictive biomarker identification in cancer treatment has traditionally relied on pre-defined analyses, limiting discoveries to expected biomarkers and potentially overlooking novel ones predictive of therapy response. In this work, we develop a no...

Deep learning based image enhancement for dynamic non-Cartesian MRI: Application to "silent" fMRI.

Computers in biology and medicine
Radial based non-Cartesian sequences may be used for silent functional MRI examinations particularly in settings where scanner noise could pose issues. However, to achieve reasonable temporal resolution, under-sampled 3D radial k-space commonly resul...

Factor enhanced DeepSurv: A deep learning approach for predicting survival probabilities in cirrhosis data.

Computers in biology and medicine
BACKGROUND: Over the years, various models, including both traditional and machine learning models, have been employed to predict survival probabilities for diverse survival datasets. The objective is to obtain models that provide more accurate estim...

Potential of AI and ML in oncology research including diagnosis, treatment and future directions: A comprehensive prospective.

Computers in biology and medicine
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged as transformative tools in cancer research, offering the ability to process huge data rapidly and make precise therapeutic decisions. Over the last decade, AI, particularly deep lear...

Predictive modeling and optimization in dermatology: Machine learning for skin disease classification.

Computers in biology and medicine
The accurate diagnosis of skin diseases is crucial for effective patient management and treatment, yet traditional diagnostic methods often involve subjective interpretation and can lead to variability in outcomes. In this study, we harness the power...

Deep learning models for early and accurate diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in mechanically ventilated neonates.

Computers in biology and medicine
BACKGROUND: Early and accurate confirmation of critically ill neonates with a suspected diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) can optimize the therapeutic strategy and avoid unnecessary use of empirical antibiotics. We aimed to examine w...

Deep learning models for improving Parkinson's disease management regarding disease stage, motor disability and quality of life.

Computers in biology and medicine
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Motor diagnosis, monitoring and management of Parkinson's disease (PD) focuses mainly on observational methods and, clinical scales, resulting in a subjective evaluation. Inertial sensors combined with artificial intelligenc...

MLFusion: Multilevel Data Fusion using CNNs for atrial fibrillation detection.

Computers in biology and medicine
Data fusion, involving the simultaneous integration of signals from multiple sensors, is an emerging field that facilitates more accurate inferences in instrumentation applications. This paper presents a novel fusion methodology for multi-sensor mult...

Disclosing neonatal pain in real-time: AI-derived pain sign from continuous assessment of facial expressions.

Computers in biology and medicine
This study introduces an AI-derived pain sign for continuous neonatal pain assessment, addressing the limitations of existing pain scales and computational approaches. Traditional pain scales, though widely used, are hindered by inter-rater variabili...

Sparse-view CBCT reconstruction using meta-learned neural attenuation field and hash-encoding regularization.

Computers in biology and medicine
Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an emerging medical imaging technique to visualize the internal anatomical structures of patients. During a CBCT scan, several projection images of different angles or views are collectively utilized to reconst...