Brain Cancer

Screening for Tumor Microtube-Targeting Drugs Identifies PKC Modulators as Multipotent Inhibitors of Glioblastoma Progression.

UNLABELLED: Glioblastomas are incurable primary brain tumors that depend on neural-like cellular processes, tumor microtubes (TM), to invade the brain. TMs also interconnect single tumor cells to a communicating multicellular network that resists current therapies. In this study, we developed a combined, comprehensive in vitro/in vivo anti-TM drug screening approach, including machine learning-bas...

Halide perovskite scintillators for X-ray detection: from structure to engineering.

Halide perovskites (HPs) and their derivatives are emerging as a prominent class of materials for ionizing radiation detection. A unique combination of high atomic numbers, efficient luminescence, tunable optoelectronic properties, defect tolerance and low synthesis cost positions them as a promising alternative to traditional scintillators. The review overviews fundamental principles governing pe...

Evaluation of deliverable dose-mimicking automated volumetric arc radiation therapy planning for stage III non-small cell lung cancer patients: comparison with a commercial DVH-predicted automated planning system.

This study aimed to evaluate the clinical validity of a dose-mimicking automated planning for volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in patients with...

Validation of a Deep-Learning Coregistration Framework for Long-Axial-Field-of-View PET/CT Using Low-Radiation-Exposure Protocols Across Various Tracers.

The advent of long-axial-field-of-view (LAFOV) PET/CT systems has significantly improved whole-body imaging by providing higher sensitivity and extend...

BRISC: Annotated Dataset for Brain Tumor Segmentation and Classification.

Accurate segmentation and classification of brain tumors from Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) remain key challenges in medical image analysis, primar...

Quantification of PET activation in adipose tissue from non-contrast CT scans.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays a key role in energy metabolism and cardiometabolic health. Its detection typically relies on 18F-FDG PET, which is c...

CT Radiation Dose Reduction With Preserved Diagnostic Performance: How Far Have We Come Over 25 Years?

Concerns about the risk of radiation from CT have driven a spectrum of major advances in radiation dose reduction technology since the 2000s, includin...

3DFE-Net: Three-dimensional fusion enhancement network based on multi-attention mechanism for multi-modal magnetic resonance images.

Nowadays, the research of image fusion methods focuses on two-dimensional medical images, and almost no three-dimensional medical image fusion methods...

Enhancing diagnostic safety with low iodine, low radiation CTPA classification using deep learning.

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition for which computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is the standard diagnostic modality...

Comparison of Image Quality Reconstructed Using Iterative Reconstruction and Deep Learning Algorithms Under Varying Dose Reductions in Dual-Energy Carotid CT Angiography.

Carotid CT angiography (CTA) is valuable for diagnosing carotid artery disease but involves radiation and contrast agent risks. Deep Learning Image Re...

Pilot clinical evaluation of artificial intelligence-driven guiding catheter simulation for optimizing percutaneous coronary intervention.

AIMS: In percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a suboptimal choice of guiding catheter may compromise coaxial alignment and backup support, prolon...

Foundations for AI-assisted Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) in radiation research.

PURPOSE: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) are being explored to improve systematic evidence gathering and to identify patterns a...

AI-Assisted Chromosome Aberration Analysis for Rapid Biological Dose Estimation of Ionizing Radiation.

Radiation dose assessment in exposed individuals relies on the dicentric assay, the gold-standard cytogenetic biodosimeter that quantifies radiation-i...

Evaluating dose distribution in prostate IMRT patients using deep learning: the influence of loss function on model performance.

To estimate the influence of various loss functions on the performance of deep learning (DL) models for dose prediction in intensity-modulated radioth...

EXPRESS: Convolutional Autoencoder for Automated Pre-Processing of Tumor Cell and Tissue Raman Spectra.

Raman spectroscopy (RS) is a label-free, non-destructive optical modality that provides a detailed profile of the molecular composition of a sample. T...

Molecular classification of radiation-induced meningiomas.

PURPOSE: Radiation-induced meningiomas (RIMs) are an uncommon late complication of cranial irradiation that frequently display aggressive behavior. Al...

Protocol for the PROSECCA study: a new approach for predicting radiotherapy outcome using artificial intelligence and electronic population-based healthcare data.

INTRODUCTION: Within the UK there are 33 deaths every day from prostate cancer, second only to lung cancer as the most common cause of cancer death in...

Development and validation of a robust cuproptosis related signature for primary glioma via machine learning aided by loop training and validation.

BACKGROUND: Glioma is the most common malignant tumors in central nervous system with high mortality. Accurately predicting prognosis for patients wit...

Identification of Glioma Phenotypic Subtypes From Multimodal MRI Data Using Hierarchical Multi-Kernel Learning.

BACKGROUND: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors, exhibiting significant phenotypic variability even within the same grade. Identifying gl...

Machine learning-based prognostic model for local control prediction in lung cancer patients undergoing stereotactic body radiation therapy: a preliminary study.

PURPOSE: Predicting local recurrence after stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for lung cancer remains challenging. This study aims to develop ...