COPD

Automated data extraction for systematic reviews using GPT-5.2 and Google Gemini Pro 3: A dual-large language model approach in orthopaedic research.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy, agreement, and efficiency of a dual-large language model (LLM) approach using Generative Pre-Trained Transformer 5.2 (GPT-5.2) and Google Gemini 3 Pro for automated data extraction in orthopaedic systematic reviews. METHODS: Eight studies from a previously published systematic review on paediatric revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were used to te...

Cohort vs case-control design for transformer-based prediction of asthma exacerbations in mild asthma.

Acute asthma exacerbation (AAE) is among the most serious outcomes of asthma, and accurate prediction of its risk remains a key challenge. Existing electronic health record-based prediction models have typically adopted either cohort or case-control sampling designs, yet their comparative performance has not been systematically evaluated. To address this gap, we developed transformer-based deep le...

Deep Learning-Aided SERS Detection of Microplastics in Water Samples with a Hierarchically Porous Gold Sponge Substrate.

The pervasive occurrence of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic environments presents growing challenges for environmental monitoring. Conventional MP dete...

Circulating Neutrophils Exhibit an Altered Immune Response in Chronic LUTS: An Image-Based Deep Learning Analysis.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Chronic lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are characterised by persistent symptoms and elevated urinary leukocyte count...

Investigation of the use of urinary proteomics in the prediction of childhood asthma.

PURPOSE: Urinary proteomics may help us improve our understanding and classification of asthma. We sought to identify clusters of children based on ur...

Chest Tube Learning Synthesis and Evaluation Assistant (CheLSEA): A Prospective Observational Trial of an Intelligent Decision Support System.

OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the performance of an artificial intelligence predictive clinical decision support system (CheLSEA) in generating ches...

Natural bioactive as modulators of airway inflammation and remodeling: mechanistic insights.

Airway diseases such as asthma, COPD, pulmonary fibrosis, and other inflammatory airway conditions remain a significant threat to global health. Tradi...

An algorithm to identify less invasive surfactant administration using a real-world database of preterm infants.

BACKGROUND: Surfactant replacement therapy is central to respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) management in preterm infants, which can be delivered usi...

An intelligent fusion model for Ki-67 prediction in non-small cell lung cancer: A cloud-based prediction system integrating radiomics.

BACKGROUND: The expression level of Ki-67 affects the prognosis of NSCLC patients. OBJECTIVE: Accurate preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression in ...

Charge Au@Pt NPs combined with 3D STS-Net for adaptive and sensitized radiotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma: Synergistic enhancement of therapeutic gain across physical and biological dimensions.

The therapeutic gain ratio (TGR) of radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains limited by two major barriers: insufficient precision in a...

Explainable machine learning for predicting mechanical ventilation in Alzheimer's patients with pneumonia: a SHAP-guided XGBoost nomogram based on MIMIC-IV.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are particularly vulnerable to pneumonia and subsequent respiratory failure due to neurodegeneration-induced dysphag...

[Expert consensus on optimizing the multidisciplinary clinical pathways and management models for pulmonary function testing].

The promotion and application of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in China have achieved preliminary success;however, numerous deficiencies persist in ...

[Annual advances in clinical applications of pulmonary function testing 2025].

This review systematically synthesizes and critically appraises domestic and international advances in pulmonary function tests (PFT) research and cli...

Multidimensional cortical morphological alterations in COPD using explainable machine learning.

Cognitive dysfunction is a common extrapulmonary manifestation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here, we applied an XGBoost-SHAP machi...

Artificial Intelligence in Asthma: From Diagnosis to Management.

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to improve asthma management across the care process. This review synthesizes evidence on AI app...

Occlusion-activated autonomous piezoelectric implants for adaptive prevention of peri-implantitis.

More than one-third of the global population suffers from dental defects, with osseointegrated implants being the gold-standard intervention; yet, the...

Opportunistic Screening on Chest CT, From the AJR Special Series on Screening.

The increase in chest CT volumes affords radiologists the opportunity to systematically assess imaging biomarkers, including coronary and thoracic art...

Plasma proteomic signatures linking preserved ratio impaired spirometry to cardiometabolic diseases and multimorbidity: A longitudinal cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), defined by reduced FEV1 with preserved FEV1/FVC ratio, has been linked to cardiometabolic dis...

Development and validation of a clinical nomogram for frailty prediction in older COPD patients: a machine learning approach.

Targeted Real-Time Assessment of Chronic Pain (TRAC-Pain) in Youth: Protocol for a Digital Biosignature Development Through a Prospective Observational Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Approximately 1 in 5 children and adolescents live with chronic pain, with musculoskeletal (MSK) pain being one of the most prevalent subt...