AI Medical Compendium Journal:
Journal of clinical epidemiology

Showing 1 to 10 of 38 articles

Large language models for conducting systematic reviews: on the rise, but not yet ready for use-a scoping review.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Machine learning promises versatile help in the creation of systematic reviews (SRs). Recently, further developments in the form of large language models (LLMs) and their application in SR conduct attracted attention. We ai...

Using artificial intelligence to semi-automate trustworthiness assessment of randomized controlled trials: a case study.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are the cornerstone of evidence-based medicine. Unfortunately, not all RCTs are based on real data. This serious breach of research integrity compromises the reliability of systematic revi...

Larger sample sizes are needed when developing a clinical prediction model using machine learning in oncology: methodological systematic review.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Having a sufficient sample size is crucial when developing a clinical prediction model. We reviewed details of sample size in studies developing prediction models for binary outcomes using machine learning (ML) methods with...

Generative artificial intelligence and academic writing: friend or foe?

Journal of clinical epidemiology
This viewpoint examines the use of generative AI models in medical writing, discusses the opportunities and threats they represent, and highlights avenues for improvement and future research.

Updating methods for artificial intelligence-based clinical prediction models: a scoping review.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
OBJECTIVES: To give an overview of methods for updating artificial intelligence (AI)-based clinical prediction models based on new data.

Sociodemographic bias in clinical machine learning models: a scoping review of algorithmic bias instances and mechanisms.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinical machine learning (ML) technologies can sometimes be biased and their use could exacerbate health disparities. The extent to which bias is present, the groups who most frequently experience bias, and the mechanism t...

Machine learning approaches to evaluate heterogeneous treatment effects in randomized controlled trials: a scoping review.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has received substantial attention recently. This has led to the development of several statistical and machine learning (ML) algorith...

Benchmarking Human-AI collaboration for common evidence appraisal tools.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: It is unknown whether large language models (LLMs) may facilitate time- and resource-intensive text-related processes in evidence appraisal. The objective was to quantify the agreement of LLMs with human consensus in apprais...

A machine learning model for early diagnosis of type 1 Gaucher disease using real-life data.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
OBJECTIVE: The diagnosis of Gaucher disease (GD) presents a major challenge due to the high variability and low specificity of its clinical characteristics, along with limited physician awareness of the disease's early symptoms. Early and accurate di...

Cross-institution natural language processing for reliable clinical association studies: a methodological exploration.

Journal of clinical epidemiology
OBJECTIVES: Natural language processing (NLP) of clinical notes in electronic medical records is increasingly used to extract otherwise sparsely available patient characteristics, to assess their association with relevant health outcomes. Manual data...