AIMC Topic: Bias

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Methodological conduct and risk of bias in studies on prenatal birthweight prediction models using machine learning techniques: a systematic review.

BMC pregnancy and childbirth Jul 2, 2025
OBJECTIVE: To assess the methodological quality and the risk of bias, of studies that developed prediction models using Machine Learning (ML) techniques to estimate prenatal birthweight.
Machine Learning Research Design Pregnancy Humans Bias Birth Weight Fetal Weight Infant, Newborn Reproducibility of Results Female
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Beyond accuracy: a framework for evaluating algorithmic bias and performance, applied to automated sleep scoring.

Scientific reports Jul 1, 2025
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) have significantly improved sleep-scoring algorithms, bringing their performance close to the theoretical limit of approximately 80%, which aligns with inter-scorer agreement levels. While this sugg...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Reproducibility of Results Adult Male Algorithms Female Sleep Polysomnography Middle Aged Bias
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Mitigating data bias and ensuring reliable evaluation of AI models with shortcut hull learning.

Nature communications Jul 1, 2025
Shortcut learning poses a significant challenge to both the interpretability and robustness of artificial intelligence, arising from dataset biases that lead models to exploit unintended correlations, or shortcuts, which undermine performance evaluat...
Neural Networks, Computer Artificial Intelligence Reproducibility of Results Bias Deep Learning Algorithms Humans
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Large Language Model-Assisted Risk-of-Bias Assessment in Randomized Controlled Trials Using the Revised Risk-of-Bias Tool: Usability Study.

Journal of medical Internet research Jun 24, 2025
BACKGROUND: The revised Risk-of-Bias tool (RoB2) overcomes the limitations of its predecessor but introduces new implementation challenges. Studies demonstrate low interrater reliability and substantial time requirements for RoB2 implementation. Larg...
Humans Language Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Bias Reproducibility of Results Large Language Models Risk Assessment
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Evaluating and mitigating bias in AI-based medical text generation.

Nature computational science Apr 23, 2025
Artificial intelligence (AI) systems, particularly those based on deep learning models, have increasingly achieved expert-level performance in medical applications. However, there is growing concern that such AI systems may reflect and amplify human ...
Male Deep Learning Bias Algorithms Female Adult Humans Artificial Intelligence
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Detecting implicit biases of large language models with Bayesian hypothesis testing.

Scientific reports Apr 11, 2025
Despite the remarkable performance of large language models (LLMs), such as generative pre-trained Transformers (GPTs), across various tasks, they often perpetuate social biases and stereotypes embedded in their training data. In this paper, we intro...
Bias Humans Bayes Theorem Language Large Language Models
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Chatbots for conducting systematic reviews in pediatric dentistry.

Journal of dentistry Apr 5, 2025
OBJECTIVES: The performance of chatbots for discrete steps of a systematic review (SR) on artificial intelligence (AI) in pediatric dentistry was evaluated.
Systematic Reviews as Topic Pediatric Dentistry Artificial Intelligence Sensitivity and Specificity Humans Generative Artificial Intelligence Bias Child
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Demographic bias of expert-level vision-language foundation models in medical imaging.

Science advances Mar 26, 2025
Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have achieved expert-level performance in medical imaging applications. Notably, self-supervised vision-language foundation models can detect a broad spectrum of pathologies without relying on explicit trainin...
Diagnostic Imaging Female Humans Male Bias Middle Aged Artificial Intelligence Aged Demography Algorithms Adult
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Artificial Intelligence Algorithms, Bias, and Innovation: Implications for Social Work.

Journal of evidence-based social work (2019) Feb 26, 2025
PURPOSE: Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies are rapidly expanding across diverse contexts. As the reach of AI continues to grow, there is a need to examine student perspectives on the increasing prevalence of AI and AI-based practice approache...
Social Work Interviews as Topic Bias Female Adult Students Qualitative Research Male Humans Artificial Intelligence Algorithms
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Biases in machine-learning models of human single-cell data.

Nature cell biology Feb 19, 2025
Recent machine-learning (ML)-based advances in single-cell data science have enabled the stratification of human tissue donors at single-cell resolution, promising to provide valuable diagnostic and prognostic insights. However, such insights are sus...
Humans Bias Machine Learning Single-Cell Analysis
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