AIMC Topic: Humans

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Comparison of Intratumoral and Peritumoral Deep Learning, Radiomics, and Fusion Models for Predicting KRAS Gene Mutations in Rectal Cancer Based on Endorectal Ultrasound Imaging.

Annals of surgical oncology
MAIN OBJECTIVES: We aimed at comparing intratumoral and peritumoral deep learning, radiomics, and fusion models in predicting KRAS mutations in rectal cancer using endorectal ultrasound imaging.

Benchmarking the performance of large language models in uveitis: a comparative analysis of ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4.0, Google Gemini, and Anthropic Claude3.

Eye (London, England)
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy, comprehensiveness, and readability of responses generated by various Large Language Models (LLMs) (ChatGPT-3.5, Gemini, Claude 3, and GPT-4.0) in the clinical context of uveitis, utiliz...

Convolutional neural network-assisted Raman spectroscopy for high-precision diagnosis of glioblastoma.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal intracranial tumor with a median survival of approximately 15 months. Due to its highly invasive properties, it is particularly difficult to accurately identify the tumor margins intraoperatively. The ...

AI-Driven Drug Discovery for Rare Diseases.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Rare diseases (RDs), affecting 300 million people globally, present a daunting public health challenge characterized by complexity, limited treatment options, and diagnostic hurdles. Despite legislative efforts, such as the 1983 US Orphan Drug Act, m...

Applications of artificial intelligence in current pharmacy practice: A scoping review.

Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI), a branch of computer science, has been of growing research interest since its introduction to healthcare disciplines in the 1970s. Research has demonstrated that the application of such technologies has allow...

Synthetic data generation in healthcare: A scoping review of reviews on domains, motivations, and future applications.

International journal of medical informatics
BACKGROUND: The development of Artificial Intelligence in the healthcare sector is generating a great impact. However, one of the primary challenges for the implementation of this technology is the access to high-quality data due to issues in data co...

Unmasking the chameleons: A benchmark for out-of-distribution detection in medical tabular data.

International journal of medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Machine Learning (ML) models often struggle to generalize effectively to data that deviates from the training distribution. This raises significant concerns about the reliability of real-world healthcare systems encountering such inputs k...

Real-time assistance in suicide prevention helplines using a deep learning-based recommender system: A randomized controlled trial.

International journal of medical informatics
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and usability of an AI-assisted tool in providing real-time assistance to counselors during suicide prevention helpline conversations.

Immune-based Machine learning Prediction of Diagnosis and Illness State in schizophrenia and bipolar Disorder: How data bias and overfitting were avoided.

Brain, behavior, and immunity
In a letter critiquing our manuscript, Takefuji highlights general pitfalls in machine learning, without directly engaging with our study. The comments provide generic advice rather than a specific critique of our methods or findings. Despite raising...

Attention-based Fusion Network for Breast Cancer Segmentation and Classification Using Multi-modal Ultrasound Images.

Ultrasound in medicine & biology
OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer is one of the most commonly occurring cancers in women. Thus, early detection and treatment of cancer lead to a better outcome for the patient. Ultrasound (US) imaging plays a crucial role in the early detection of breast can...