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The evolution of image reconstruction for CT-from filtered back projection to artificial intelligence.

European radiology Oct 30, 2018
The first CT scanners in the early 1970s already used iterative reconstruction algorithms; however, lack of computational power prevented their clinical use. In fact, it took until 2009 for the first iterative reconstruction algorithms to come commer...
(2)
Artificial Intelligence Algorithms Tomography, X-Ray Computed Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Radiation Dosage Humans
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The Role of the FDA in Ensuring the Safety and Efficacy of Artificial Intelligence Software and Devices.

Journal of the American College of Radiology : JACR Oct 30, 2018
Product Surveillance, Postmarketing Artificial Intelligence Software Patient Safety United States United States Food and Drug Administration Device Approval Humans
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A novel retinal vessel detection approach based on multiple deep convolution neural networks.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine Oct 30, 2018
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Computer aided detection (CAD) offers an efficient way to assist doctors to interpret fundus images. In a CAD system, retinal vessel (RV) detection is a crucial step to identify the retinal disease regions. However, RV detec...
Retinal Diseases Retinal Vessels Humans Computer Systems Models, Statistical Reproducibility of Results Fundus Oculi Sensitivity and Specificity Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Neural Networks, Computer Machine Learning Algorithms
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Ensemble machine learning prediction of posttraumatic stress disorder screening status after emergency room hospitalization.

Journal of anxiety disorders Oct 30, 2018
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in a substantial minority of emergency room admits. Inexpensive and accurate person-level assessment of PTSD risk after trauma exposure is a critical precursor to large-scale deployment of early intervent...
Machine Learning Female Risk Factors Hospitalization Adult Male Emergency Service, Hospital Humans Middle Aged Self Report Social Support Depressive Disorder Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
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Toward analyzing and synthesizing previous research in early prediction of cardiac arrest using machine learning based on a multi-layered integrative framework.

Journal of biomedical informatics Oct 30, 2018
BACKGROUND: One of the significant problems in the field of healthcare is the low survival rate of people who have experienced sudden cardiac arrest. Early prediction of cardiac arrest can provide the time required for intervening and preventing its ...
Proportional Hazards Models Heart Arrest Decision Making Medical Informatics Humans Algorithms Databases, Factual Research Reproducibility of Results Support Vector Machine
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Automatic segmentation of vertebrae in 3D CT images using adaptive fast 3D pulse coupled neural networks.

Australasian physical & engineering sciences in medicine Oct 30, 2018
Two systems are presented for segmentation of vertebrae in a 3D computed tomography (CT) image. The first method extracts seven features from each voxel and uses a multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) to classify the voxel as vertebrae or ba...
Imaging, Three-Dimensional Humans Spine Neural Networks, Computer Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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[The body, art and the machines].

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke Oct 30, 2018
Brain Cognition Thinking Humans Artificial Intelligence Neurosciences Literature
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Rise of the machines.

Tidsskrift for den Norske laegeforening : tidsskrift for praktisk medicin, ny raekke Oct 30, 2018
Artificial Intelligence Robotics Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Humans
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A neural network based model effectively predicts enhancers from clinical ATAC-seq samples.

Scientific reports Oct 30, 2018
Enhancers are cis-acting sequences that regulate transcription rates of their target genes in a cell-specific manner and harbor disease-associated sequence variants in cognate cell types. Many complex diseases are associated with enhancer malfunction...
(1)
Transcriptome Humans ROC Curve Computational Biology Binding Sites Sequence Analysis, DNA Neural Networks, Computer Enhancer Elements, Genetic Cell Line Sensitivity and Specificity Transposases High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Gene Expression Profiling
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Convolutional Neural Networks Promising in Lung Cancer T-Parameter Assessment on Baseline FDG-PET/CT.

Contrast media & molecular imaging Oct 30, 2018
AIM: To develop an algorithm, based on convolutional neural network (CNN), for the classification of lung cancer lesions as T1-T2 or T3-T4 on staging fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT images.
Neoplasm Staging Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Lung Neoplasms Area Under Curve Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Aged Aged, 80 and over Algorithms Adult Retrospective Studies Humans Female Male Neural Networks, Computer Middle Aged Deep Learning
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