AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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Collaborative large language models for automated data extraction in living systematic reviews.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Apr 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: Data extraction from the published literature is the most laborious step in conducting living systematic reviews (LSRs). We aim to build a generalizable, automated data extraction workflow leveraging large language models (LLMs) that mimic...
Humans Systematic Reviews as Topic Natural Language Processing Workflow Data Mining Information Storage and Retrieval Large Language Models
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Improving large language model applications in biomedicine with retrieval-augmented generation: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and clinical development guidelines.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Apr 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study are to synthesize findings from recent research of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and large language models (LLMs) in biomedicine and provide clinical development guidelines to improve effectiveness.
Programming Languages Information Storage and Retrieval Large Language Models Humans Natural Language Processing
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The use of large language models to enhance cancer clinical trial educational materials.

JNCI cancer spectrum Mar 3, 2025
BACKGROUND: Adequate patient awareness and understanding of cancer clinical trials is essential for trial recruitment, informed decision making, and protocol adherence. Although large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for patient education, t...
Female Comprehension Male Informed Consent Large Language Models Generative Artificial Intelligence Consent Forms Clinical Trials as Topic Humans Patient Education as Topic Neoplasms
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[Evaluating the accuracy of large language models in answering mammography screening questions in Italian and English: a study based on the Eusobi guidelines.].

Recenti progressi in medicina Mar 1, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming various aspects of everyday life, including healthcare, through large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot. These systems are increasingly used to disseminate medical info...
Large Language Models Radiologists Practice Guidelines as Topic Surveys and Questionnaires Mass Screening Mammography Humans Early Detection of Cancer Italy Female Language Artificial Intelligence Breast Neoplasms
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RAMIE: retrieval-augmented multi-task information extraction with large language models on dietary supplements.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: To develop an advanced multi-task large language model (LLM) framework for extracting diverse types of information about dietary supplements (DSs) from clinical records.
Information Storage and Retrieval Large Language Models Humans Electronic Health Records Natural Language Processing Data Mining Dietary Supplements
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Utility of word embeddings from large language models in medical diagnosis.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: This study evaluates the utility of word embeddings, generated by large language models (LLMs), for medical diagnosis by comparing the semantic proximity of symptoms to their eponymic disease embedding ("eponymic condition") and the mean o...
Humans Natural Language Processing PubMed Large Language Models Tuberous Sclerosis Eponyms Semantics Symptom Assessment
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A dataset and benchmark for hospital course summarization with adapted large language models.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVE: Brief hospital course (BHC) summaries are clinical documents that summarize a patient's hospital stay. While large language models (LLMs) depict remarkable capabilities in automating real-world tasks, their capabilities for healthcare appl...
Large Language Models Natural Language Processing Benchmarking Datasets as Topic Humans Electronic Health Records
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Analysis of eligibility criteria clusters based on large language models for clinical trial design.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA Mar 1, 2025
OBJECTIVES: Clinical trials (CTs) are essential for improving patient care by evaluating new treatments' safety and efficacy. A key component in CT protocols is the study population defined by the eligibility criteria. This study aims to evaluate the...
Eligibility Determination Large Language Models Clinical Protocols Patient Selection Clinical Trials as Topic Humans Cluster Analysis Natural Language Processing Research Design
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ESCARGOT: an AI agent leveraging large language models, dynamic graph of thoughts, and biomedical knowledge graphs for enhanced reasoning.

Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) Feb 4, 2025
MOTIVATION: LLMs like GPT-4, despite their advancements, often produce hallucinations and struggle with integrating external knowledge effectively. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) attempts to address this by incorporating external informat...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Software Computational Biology Large Language Models Algorithms
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Assessing Completeness of Clinical Histories Accompanying Imaging Orders Using Adapted Open-Source and Closed-Source Large Language Models.

Radiology Feb 1, 2025
Background Incomplete clinical histories are a well-known problem in radiology. Previous dedicated quality improvement efforts focusing on reproducible assessments of the completeness of free-text clinical histories have relied on tedious manual anal...
Medical History Taking Radiology Information Systems Large Language Models Natural Language Processing Diagnostic Imaging Humans Quality Improvement Retrospective Studies
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