AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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Large language model chatbots for patient education in kidney stones: a scoping review.

World journal of urology
PURPOSE: In 2024, 17% of adults reported using an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot at least once a month as a source of health information, rising to 25% among those under 30. We aim to conduct a scoping review of the existing literature assessin...

Evaluating Web Retrieval-Assisted Large Language Models With and Without Whitelisting for Evidence-Based Neurology: Comparative Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) coupled with real-time web retrieval are reshaping how clinicians and patients locate medical evidence, and as major search providers fuse LLMs into their interfaces, this hybrid approach might become the new ...

Critique of impure reason: Unveiling the reasoning behaviour of medical large language models.

eLife
Despite the current ubiquity of large language models (LLMs) across the medical domain, there is a surprising lack of studies which address their . We emphasise the importance of understanding as opposed to high-level prediction accuracies, since it...

Evaluating Large Language Models in Ophthalmology: Systematic Review.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) have the potential to revolutionize ophthalmic care, but their evaluation practice remains fragmented. A systematic assessment is crucial to identify gaps and guide future evaluation practices and clinical int...

Stylometry can reveal artificial intelligence authorship, but humans struggle: A comparison of human and seven large language models in Japanese.

PloS one
The purpose of this study was to estimate the artificial intelligence (AI) detection potential using stylometric analysis in Study 1 and examine the AI detection abilities of humans in Study 2. In Study 1, we compared 100 human-written public comment...

Virtual case reasoning and AI-assisted diagnostic instruction: an empirical study based on body interact and large language models.

BMC medical education
BACKGROUND: Integrating large language models (LLMs) with virtual patient platforms offers a novel approach to teaching clinical reasoning. This study evaluated the performance and educational value of combining Body Interact with two AI models, Chat...

Photoresponsive HOF-Based Platforms for Large Language Model-Assisted Multimodal Diagnosis of Metabolic Diseases.

Analytical chemistry
Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs) such as chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT), is revolutionizing various fields. Here, we present an AI-enhanced olfactory diagnosis platform that integrates a photor...

Human-Machine Agreement in Medical Ethics: Patient Autonomy Case-Based Evaluation of Large Language Models.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Medical ethics provides a moral framework for the practice of clinical medicine. Four principles, that is, beneficence, nonmaleficence, patient autonomy, and justice, form the cornerstones of medical ethics as it is practiced today. Of th...

Assessing Large Language Models in Building a Structured Dataset From AskDocs Subreddit Data: Methodological Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: In an era marked by a growing reliance on digital platforms for health care consultation, the subreddit r/AskDocs has emerged as a pivotal forum. However, the vast, unstructured nature of forum data presents a formidable challenge; the ex...

The ethical challenges in the integration of artificial intelligence and large language models in medical education: A scoping review.

PloS one
With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT have shown potential in medical education, offering personalized learning experiences. However, this integration raises ethical concerns, includ...