AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Computed tomography-based radiomics machine learning models for differentiating enchondroma and atypical cartilaginous tumor in long bones.

RoFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Rontgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
To explore the value of CT-based radiomics machine learning models for differentiating enchondroma from atypical cartilaginous tumor (ACT) in long bones and methods to improve model performance.59 enchondromas and 53 ACTs in long bones confirmed by p...

Shape prior-constrained deep learning network for medical image segmentation.

Computers in biology and medicine
We propose a shape prior representation-constrained multi-scale features fusion segmentation network for medical image segmentation, including training and testing stages. The novelty of our training framework lies in two modules comprised of the sha...

Deep learning-based automatic ASPECTS calculation can improve diagnosis efficiency in patients with acute ischemic stroke: a multicenter study.

European radiology
OBJECTIVES: The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS), a systematic method for assessing ischemic changes in acute ischemic stroke using non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT), is often interpreted relying on expert experience and can vary...

Efficient application of deep learning-based elective lymph node regions delineation for pelvic malignancies.

Medical physics
BACKGROUND: While there are established international consensuses on the delineation of pelvic lymph node regions (LNRs), significant inter- and intra-observer variabilities persist. Contouring these clinical target volumes for irradiation in pelvic ...

Deep learning-based material decomposition of iodine and calcium in mobile photon counting detector CT.

PloS one
Photon-counting detector (PCD)-based computed tomography (CT) offers several advantages over conventional energy-integrating detector-based CT. Among them, the ability to discriminate energy exhibits significant potential for clinical applications be...

Deep learning-based respiratory muscle segmentation as a potential imaging biomarker for respiratory function assessment.

PloS one
Respiratory diseases significantly affect respiratory function, making them a considerable contributor to global mortality. The respiratory muscles play an important role in disease prognosis; as such, quantitative analysis of the respiratory muscles...

Multi-reader multiparametric DECT study evaluating different strengths of iterative and deep learning-based image reconstruction techniques.

European radiology
OBJECTIVES: To perform a multi-reader comparison of multiparametric dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) images reconstructed with deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) and standard-of-care adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction-V (ASIR-...

Predicting Acute Exacerbation Phenotype in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients Using VGG-16 Deep Learning.

Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
INTRODUCTION: Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a significant impact on hospitalizations, morbidity, and mortality of patients. This study aimed to develop a model for predicting acute exacerbation in COPD patients (A...

CT-based artificial intelligence prediction model for ocular motility score of thyroid eye disease.

Endocrine
PURPOSE: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is the most common orbital disease in adults. Ocular motility restriction is the primary complaint of patients, while its evaluation is quite difficult. The present study aimed to introduce an artificial intelligenc...

Machine learning computational model to predict lung cancer using electronic medical records.

Cancer epidemiology
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer (LC) screening using low-dose computed tomography (CT) is recommended according to standard risk criteria or personalized risk calculators. Machine learning (ML) models that can predict disease risk are an emerging method in m...