AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Image-domain material decomposition for dual-energy CT using unsupervised learning with data-fidelity loss.

Medical physics
BACKGROUND: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) and material decomposition play vital roles in quantitative medical imaging. However, the decomposition process may suffer from significant noise amplification, leading to severely degraded image sig...

Machine learning for predicting hematoma expansion in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Neuroradiology
PURPOSE: Early identification of hematoma enlargement and persistent hematoma expansion (HE) in patients with cerebral hemorrhage is increasingly crucial for determining clinical treatments. However, due to the lack of clinically effective tools, rad...

Histological Subtype Classification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer with Radiomics and 3D Convolutional Neural Networks.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common type of pulmonary cancer, one of the deadliest malignant tumors worldwide. Given the increased emphasis on the precise management of lung cancer, identifying various subtypes of NSCLC has becom...

Res-TransNet: A Hybrid deep Learning Network for Predicting Pathological Subtypes of lung Adenocarcinoma in CT Images.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
This study aims to develop a CT-based hybrid deep learning network to predict pathological subtypes of early-stage lung adenocarcinoma by integrating residual network (ResNet) with Vision Transformer (ViT). A total of 1411 pathologically confirmed gr...

Deep learning-based correction for time truncation in cerebral computed tomography perfusion.

Radiological physics and technology
Cerebral computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging requires complete acquisition of contrast bolus inflow and washout in the brain parenchyma; however, time truncation undoubtedly occurs in clinical practice. To overcome this issue, we proposed a t...

Deep learning model utilizing clinical data alone outperforms image-based model for hernia recurrence following abdominal wall reconstruction with long-term follow up.

Surgical endoscopy
BACKGROUND: Deep learning models (DLMs) using preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging have shown promise in predicting outcomes following abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR), including component separation, wound complications, and pulmonary fa...

Artificial intelligence-driven computer aided diagnosis system provides similar diagnosis value compared with doctors' evaluation in lung cancer screening.

BMC medical imaging
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the consistency between doctors and artificial intelligence (AI) software in analysing and diagnosing pulmonary nodules, and assess whether the characteristics of pulmonary nodules derived from the two methods are consistent fo...

Contrastive Learning vs. Self-Learning vs. Deformable Data Augmentation in Semantic Segmentation of Medical Images.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
To develop a robust segmentation model, encoding the underlying features/structures of the input data is essential to discriminate the target structure from the background. To enrich the extracted feature maps, contrastive learning and self-learning ...

Analysis of Cerebral CT Based on Supervised Machine Learning as a Predictor of Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In light of limited intensive care capacities and a lack of accurate prognostic tools to advise caregivers and family members responsibly, this study aims to determine whether automated cerebral CT (CCT) analysis allows pro...