Gastroenterology

Predicting Treatment Response After Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a predictive model for pathological complete response (pCR) after total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) to inform selection for watch-and-wait (W/W). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Patient selection for W/W after TNT for locally advanced rectal cancer remains challenging. METHODS: An ensemble of tabular foundation models was fine-tuned in adults with clinical stage II or III microsatelli...

Differentiating advanced from non-advanced hepatic fibrosis: a hybrid deep learning-radiomics model leveraging synthetic contrast-enhanced CT from CycleGAN.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and validate a hybrid deep learning-radiomics model that leveraged Cycle-consistent generative adversarial networks (CycleGAN)-synthesized contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) images to differentiate advanced from non-advanced hepatic fibrosis. METHODS: This retrospective study included 410 patients with biopsy-confirmed hepatic fibrosis (2017-2024)...

Longitudinal serum uric acid transition patterns and their clinical, genetic, and dietary determinants: prospective prediction of incident hyperuricemia and gout in a Korean population-based cohort.

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal serum uric acid (SUA) transition patterns and their clinical, genetic, and dietary determinants remain poorly characterized. ...

Advancing Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk Prediction With Patient-Centered Machine Learning: Machine Learning Modeling Study.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a significant health concern in South Korea. Recently, machine learning (ML) models have emerged as powe...

Image-based consensus molecular subtypes and colon cancer recurrence: Understanding the impact of lifestyle factors across subtypes of colon cancer.

AIM: We investigated associations between consensus molecular subtype (CMS) and colon cancer recurrence, and explored how the inflammatory potential o...

Novel technologies for gastrointestinal cancer detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.

INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for a quarter of all cancers and one-third of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Novel diagnostic ap...

Intracellular acidification by microbiota-derived valeric acid facilitates trans-kingdom ecology limiting Candida parapsilosis colonization.

In hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients, intestinal Candida parapsilosis expansion and translocation can cause life-threatening candidemia, ye...

Atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease and carries the highest disability-adjusted life-years burden, ranking 15th among ...

Multi-scale computational analysis of monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition as a new therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most critical global health challenges, particularly in connection to metabolically linked diseases ...

Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identifies cancer subtypes and prognostic signatures of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating refined classificatio...

Patient-specific modeling identifies metabolic interventions for reversing glucose use reprogramming in alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute form of alcohol-associated liver disease with very few treatment options. Recent studies highlighted liver metabo...

A comparative analysis of deep learning models for disease classification in multi-organ histopathological images.

Histopathological whole slide images (WSIs) provide critical information for disease diagnosis, yet their interpretation remains a time-consuming and ...

Gsformer: a dual-architecture deep learning framework with CNN-self-attention and sparse-attention for genomic selection.

BACKGROUND: Genomic selection (GS) has revolutionized modern breeding by utilizing genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). While tradition...

Epigenetic reprogramming of tissue-resident memory T cells in chronic inflammatory disorders and implications for targeted therapies.

BACKGROUND: Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a role in causing long-term tissue injury in chronic inflammatory diseases via pathological epig...

Toward a Synthetic Data Revolution: Diffusion Model-Enhanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prediction in Steatotic Liver Disease.

AIM: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) encompasses a heterogeneous spectrum with varying risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Limited sample sizes lim...

Learning and deskilling effects of artificial intelligence in colonoscopy among endoscopists with different levels of experience: a pragmatic, prospective trial.

BACKGROUND: The effect of computer-aided detection (CADe) on performance of endoscopists with different experience levels is not well understood. This...

Evaluating the VOCORDER device for early disease detection through breath analysis: study protocol for a two-phase clinical study.

INTRODUCTION: The survival rate of patients with life-threatening diseases primarily depends on the speed of diagnosis. Too often, diseases are detect...

Acid Yellow 36, Methyl Red, and Methylene Blue adsorption using ammonia-modified red algae biochar: isotherm, kinetic, regeneration, and ANN studies.

This paper examined the removal of Acid Yellow 36 (AY36), Methyl Red (MR), and Methylene Blue (MB) dyes using a novel Ammonia-decorated Red Algae Bioc...

A multimodal deep learning model predicting hyperprogressive disease for PD-1 blockade in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly antibodies targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), are increasingly used for advanced hepatocellular carc...

How to quickly determine whether patients with chronic cough need corticosteroid treatment--construction of a predictive model for corticosteroid-responsive cough in chronic cough.

Patients with chronic cough need to undergo a wide range of tests and rely on empirical medication to determine the underlying cause. Corticosteroid-r...