AIMC Topic: Bone and Bones

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Improving micromorphological analysis with CNN-based segmentation of flint/obsidian, bone and charcoal.

PloS one
The quantification and identification of components in archaeological micromorphology remain subjective and challenging, particularly for early-career researchers. To address this, we developed a deep learning tool for the automatic segmentation of t...

Harnessing Biophysical Approaches in Unlocking Bone Health: A Toolkit for Clinicians and Researchers.

ACS biomaterials science & engineering
The skeletal system exhibits remarkable mechanical properties, serving as the primary supportive framework in vertebrates. Dysregulation of bone metabolic activity can alter bone quality and quantity, leading to skeletal deformity, pain, or disease. ...

Multimodal Feature Fusion for Bone Toxicity Prediction and Local Platform.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Drug-induced osteotoxicity refers to the detrimental effects of certain drugs on bone metabolism, density, and structure, posing serious safety concerns in clinical practice, drug development, and environmental health. Although previous studies have ...

The gut-bone axis in ankylosing spondylitis: mechanistic insights and the translational gap.

Clinical and experimental medicine
The gut-bone axis is pivotal in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), with gut dysbiosis and mucosal immune activation driving skeletal pathology. However, translating these mechanistic insights into effective therapies remains challenging...

An enhanced spatial-temporal graph convolution network with high order features for skeleton-based action recognition.

PloS one
Skeleton-based action recognition has emerged as a promising field within computer vision, offering structured representations of human motion. While existing Graph Convolutional Network (GCN)-based approaches primarily rely on raw 3D joint coordinat...

AI-assisted phenotyping in a zebrafish hypophosphatasia model enables early and precise detection of skeletal alterations.

Scientific reports
Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is a rare genetic disorder mainly affecting bone and tooth mineralization in patients due to ALPL gene mutations. Understanding genotype-phenotype correlations in HPP remains challenging due to different severities and the dise...

Sulfur as a proxy for identifying coast-inland human mobility in Northern Iberia during Late Prehistory.

PloS one
Population movements constitute a significant driver of cultural change in prehistoric societies. In recent years, sulfur isotopes have emerged as a valuable approach for distinguishing human/animal provenance. However, the scarcity of sulfur isotope...

Computational optimization of 3D printed bone scaffolds using orthogonal array-driven FEA and neural network modeling.

Scientific reports
Today, orthopedic surgeons have been continuously focusing on bone tissue engineering for regenerating damaged bone through the use of biomimetic scaffolds and innovative materials. Hence, this study presents a comprehensive investigation into the op...

Rapid forensic differentiation of human and animal bones using handheld near-infrared spectroscopy and deep learning.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
The forensic differentiation of human and animal bones is critical in various investigations, mainly when dealing with fragmented skeletal remains. This study explores the practical application of handheld near-infrared spectroscopy combined with art...

Detection of bone infections using Vis-NIR and SWIR hyperspectral imaging coupled with machine learning.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy
Bone infections, such as fracture-related and periprosthetic joint infections, present significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in orthopaedic surgery. Current diagnosic standards rely primarily on tissue cultures of intraoperatively obtaine...