AIMC Topic: Humans

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Nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics with machine learning for predicting progression from prediabetes to diabetes.

eLife
BACKGROUND: Identification of individuals with prediabetes who are at high risk of developing diabetes allows for precise interventions. We aimed to determine the role of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomic signature in predicting the ...

Prediction of directional solidification in freeze casting of biomaterial scaffolds using physics-informed neural networks.

Biomedical physics & engineering express
Freeze casting, a manufacturing technique widely applied in biomedical fields for fabricating biomaterial scaffolds, poses challenges for predicting directional solidification due to its highly nonlinear behavior and complex interplay of process para...

Deep learning-based statistical robustness evaluation of intensity-modulated proton therapy for head and neck cancer.

Physics in medicine and biology
. Previous methods for robustness evaluation rely on dose calculation for a number of uncertainty scenarios, which either fails to provide statistical meaning when the number is too small (e.g., ∼8) or becomes unfeasible in daily clinical practice wh...

Generative artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: current innovations, future applications and challenges.

The British journal of ophthalmology
The rapid advancements in generative artificial intelligence are set to significantly influence the medical sector, particularly ophthalmology. Generative adversarial networks and diffusion models enable the creation of synthetic images, aiding the d...

Foundation models in ophthalmology.

The British journal of ophthalmology
Foundation models represent a paradigm shift in artificial intelligence (AI), evolving from narrow models designed for specific tasks to versatile, generalisable models adaptable to a myriad of diverse applications. Ophthalmology as a specialty has t...

Towards regulatory generative AI in ophthalmology healthcare: a security and privacy perspective.

The British journal of ophthalmology
As the healthcare community increasingly harnesses the power of generative artificial intelligence (AI), critical issues of security, privacy and regulation take centre stage. In this paper, we explore the security and privacy risks of generative AI ...

Medical education with large language models in ophthalmology: custom instructions and enhanced retrieval capabilities.

The British journal of ophthalmology
Foundation models are the next generation of artificial intelligence that has the potential to provide novel use cases for healthcare. Large language models (LLMs), a type of foundation model, are capable of language comprehension and the ability to ...

Creating realistic anterior segment optical coherence tomography images using generative adversarial networks.

The British journal of ophthalmology
AIMS: To develop a generative adversarial network (GAN) capable of generating realistic high-resolution anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) images.

Using artificial intelligence to improve human performance: efficient retinal disease detection training with synthetic images.

The British journal of ophthalmology
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging diagnostics has huge potential, but human judgement is still indispensable. We propose an AI-aided teaching method that leverages generative AI to train students on many images while preserv...