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Longitudinal Studies

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Development and Validation of a Deep Learning Model for Earlier Detection of Cognitive Decline From Clinical Notes in Electronic Health Records.

JAMA network open
IMPORTANCE: Detecting cognitive decline earlier among older adults can facilitate enrollment in clinical trials and early interventions. Clinical notes in longitudinal electronic health records (EHRs) provide opportunities to detect cognitive decline...

Predicting physiological aging rates from a range of quantitative traits using machine learning.

Aging
It is widely thought that individuals age at different rates. A method that measures "physiological age" or physiological aging rate independent of chronological age could therefore help elucidate mechanisms of aging and inform an individual's risk o...

Robust Machine Learning for Treatment Effects in Multilevel Observational Studies Under Cluster-level Unmeasured Confounding.

Psychometrika
Recently, machine learning (ML) methods have been used in causal inference to estimate treatment effects in order to reduce concerns for model mis-specification. However, many ML methods require that all confounders are measured to consistently estim...

Detection of dementia on voice recordings using deep learning: a Framingham Heart Study.

Alzheimer's research & therapy
BACKGROUND: Identification of reliable, affordable, and easy-to-use strategies for detection of dementia is sorely needed. Digital technologies, such as individual voice recordings, offer an attractive modality to assess cognition but methods that co...

DeepAtrophy: Teaching a neural network to detect progressive changes in longitudinal MRI of the hippocampal region in Alzheimer's disease.

NeuroImage
Measures of change in hippocampal volume derived from longitudinal MRI are a well-studied biomarker of disease progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are used in clinical trials to track therapeutic efficacy of disease-modifying treatments. Howe...

Quantifying changes over 1 year in motor and cognitive skill after transient ischemic attack (TIA) using robotics.

Scientific reports
Recent work has highlighted that people who have had TIA may have abnormal motor and cognitive function. We aimed to quantify deficits in a cohort of individuals who had TIA and measured changes in their abilities to perform behavioural tasks over 1 ...

Predicting pediatric anxiety from the temporal pole using neural responses to emotional faces.

Scientific reports
A prominent cognitive aspect of anxiety is dysregulation of emotional interpretation of facial expressions, associated with neural activity from the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. We report machine learning analysis of fMRI results supporting a key ...

Natural Language Processing Insight into LGBTQ+ Youth Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Longitudinal Content Analysis of Anxiety-Provoking Topics and Trends in Emotion in LGBTeens Microcommunity Subreddit.

JMIR public health and surveillance
BACKGROUND: Widespread fear surrounding COVID-19, coupled with physical and social distancing orders, has caused severe adverse mental health outcomes. Little is known, however, about how the COVID-19 crisis has impacted LGBTQ+ youth, who disproporti...

Patterns of Metastatic Disease in Patients with Cancer Derived from Natural Language Processing of Structured CT Radiology Reports over a 10-year Period.

Radiology
Background Patterns of metastasis in cancer are increasingly relevant to prognostication and treatment planning but have historically been documented by means of autopsy series. Purpose To show the feasibility of using natural language processing (NL...

Discovery of Parkinson's disease states and disease progression modelling: a longitudinal data study using machine learning.

The Lancet. Digital health
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease is heterogeneous in symptom presentation and progression. Increased understanding of both aspects can enable better patient management and improve clinical trial design. Previous approaches to modelling Parkinson's dis...