AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted

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Systematic application of saliency maps to explain the decisions of convolutional neural networks for glaucoma diagnosis based on disc and cup geometry.

Biomedical physics & engineering express
This paper systematically evaluates saliency methods as explainability tools for convolutional neural networks trained to diagnose glaucoma using simplified eye fundus images that contain only disc and cup outlines. These simplified images, a methodo...

Challenges in standardizing preimplantation kidney biopsy assessments and the potential of AI-Driven solutions.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the variability in preimplantation kidney biopsy processing methods, emphasizing their impact on histological interpretation and allocation decisions driven by biopsy findings. With the increasing use of artifi...

TractGraphFormer: Anatomically informed hybrid graph CNN-transformer network for interpretable sex and age prediction from diffusion MRI tractography.

Medical image analysis
The relationship between brain connections and non-imaging phenotypes is increasingly studied using deep neural networks. However, the local and global properties of the brain's white matter networks are often overlooked in convolutional network desi...

Enhancing lesion detection in automated breast ultrasound using unsupervised multi-view contrastive learning with 3D DETR.

Medical image analysis
The inherent variability of lesions poses challenges in leveraging AI in 3D automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) for lesion detection. Traditional methods based on single scans have fallen short compared to comprehensive evaluations by experienced sono...

Advances in the Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Ultrasound Diagnosis of Vulnerable Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque.

Ultrasound in medicine & biology
Vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque is a type of plaque that poses a significant risk of high mortality in patients with cardiovascular disease. Ultrasound has long been used for carotid atherosclerosis screening and plaque assessment due to its safety...

Machine learning-based assessment of morphometric abnormalities distinguishes bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder.

Neuroradiology
INTRODUCTION: Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) have overlapping clinical presentations which may make it difficult for clinicians to distinguish them potentially resulting in misdiagnosis. This study combined structural MRI a...

AI-based assessment of longitudinal multiple sclerosis MRI: Strengths and weaknesses in clinical practice.

European journal of radiology
OBJECTIVES: In Multiple Sclerosis (MS) cerebral MRI is essential for disease and treatment monitoring. For this purpose, software solutions are available to support the radiologist with image interpretation and reporting of follow up imaging. Aim of ...

Enhanced AMD detection in OCT images using GLCM texture features with Machine Learning and CNN methods.

Biomedical physics & engineering express
Global blindness is substantially influenced by age-related macular degeneration (AMD). It significantly shortens people's lives and severely impairs their visual acuity. AMD is becoming more common, requiring improved diagnostic and prognostic metho...

Application of cloud server-based machine learning for assisting pathological structure recognition in IgA nephropathy.

Journal of clinical pathology
BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) models can help assisting diagnosis by rapidly localising and classifying regions of interest (ROIs) within whole slide images (WSIs). Effective ML models for clinical decision support require a substantial dataset o...