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Three-dimensional U-Net with transfer learning improves automated whole brain delineation from MRI brain scans of rats, mice, and monkeys.

Computers in biology and medicine
BACKGROUND: Automated whole-brain delineation (WBD) techniques often struggle to generalize across pre-clinical studies due to variations in animal models, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanners, and tissue contrasts. We developed a 3D U-Net neura...

Integrative multi-omics and machine-learning approaches uncover a novel metabolic-related signature associated with cancer-associated fibroblasts in gastric cancer development.

Computers in biology and medicine
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks as the fifth most commonly diagnosed malignancy and the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The integration of machine learning in the analysis of GC metabolomics data for biomarker identification rem...

A strategy based on paraconsistent random forest for sEMG gesture recognition systems robust to contaminated data.

Computers in biology and medicine
Applying machine learning algorithms to physical signals is always challenging since undesirable events can occur when signals are acquired outside a controlled environment. Among several applications, movement recognition through sEMG signals is esp...

Optimizing treatment to control LDL cholesterol using machine learning.

Computers in biology and medicine
INTRODUCTION: Increased LDL cholesterol is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases; therefore, adequate therapy reduces the risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Artificial intelligence (AI) is a tool that can significantly help...

PED-IA, a CDSS to support decision in pediatrics telephone triage: a crossover evaluation.

Computers in biology and medicine
BACKGROUND: Pediatric emergency departments face overcrowding, often driven by non-urgent consultations. Telephone triage, supported by clinical decision support systems (CDSSs), offers a potential solution to improve decision accuracy and reduce unn...

A comparative study of recent large language models on generating hospital discharge summaries for lung cancer patients.

Journal of biomedical informatics
OBJECTIVE: Generating discharge summaries is a crucial yet time-consuming task in clinical practice, essential for conveying pertinent patient information and facilitating continuity of care. Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have s...

AI assessment changes human behavior.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
AI is increasingly replacing human decision-makers across domains. AI-based tools have become particularly common in assessment decisions, such as when recruiting employees or admitting students. Calls for transparency and new legislation require org...

A prior knowledge-supervised fusion network predicts survival after radiotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer.

Artificial intelligence in medicine
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Predicting overall survival (OS) for advanced gastric cancer patients after radiotherapy is critical for developing an individualized treatment plan. However, existing studies have focused on gastric cancer CT images with a ...

Performance assessment of an artificial intelligence algorithm for opportunistic screening of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Clinical imaging
PURPOSE: Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common incidental finding on CT imaging performed in the acute care setting. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms have been developed to automatically measure aortic lumen size and thus facilitate AAA ...