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Prostatic Neoplasms

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Artificial intelligence and radiologists in prostate cancer detection on MRI (PI-CAI): an international, paired, non-inferiority, confirmatory study.

The Lancet. Oncology
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can potentially aid the diagnostic pathway of prostate cancer by alleviating the increasing workload, preventing overdiagnosis, and reducing the dependence on experienced radiologists. We aimed to inve...

Artificial Intelligence Improves the Ability of Physicians to Identify Prostate Cancer Extent.

The Journal of urology
PURPOSE: Defining prostate cancer contours is a complex task, undermining the efficacy of interventions such as focal therapy. A multireader multicase study compared physicians' performance using artificial intelligence (AI) vs standard-of-care metho...

Automatic text classification of prostate cancer malignancy scores in radiology reports using NLP models.

Medical & biological engineering & computing
This paper presents the implementation of two automated text classification systems for prostate cancer findings based on the PI-RADS criteria. Specifically, a traditional machine learning model using XGBoost and a language model-based approach using...

Optimizing clinico-genomic disease prediction across ancestries: a machine learning strategy with Pareto improvement.

Genome medicine
BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of an individual's predisposition to diseases is vital for preventive medicine and early intervention. Various statistical and machine learning models have been developed for disease prediction using clinico-genomic da...

Evaluation of an automated clinical decision system with deep learning dose prediction and NTCP model for prostate cancer proton therapy.

Physics in medicine and biology
To evaluate the feasibility of using a deep learning dose prediction approach to identify patients who could benefit most from proton therapy based on the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model.Two 3D UNets were established to predict ph...

Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-assisted Pathology for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis in Sweden: A Microsimulation Study.

European urology oncology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Image-based artificial intelligence (AI) methods have shown high accuracy in prostate cancer (PCa) detection. Their impact on patient outcomes and cost effectiveness in comparison to human pathologists remains unknown. Our a...