Exposure to cigarette smoke and ethanol are proposed to trigger neurotoxicity, apoptosis, and to impair neuronal signaling. However, it is little known how the combination of both might trigger astrogliosis and the morphological changes capable of af...
International journal of environmental research and public health
29295483
(1) Background: Many smokers completely switch to vaping (switchers), whereas others use e-cigarettes (e-cigs) alongside tobacco cigarettes (dual users). To the extent that dual users substantially lower the number of cigarettes, they will reduce hea...
International journal of environmental research and public health
30562939
This review clarifies particulate matter (PM) pollution, including its levels, the factors affecting its distribution, and its health effects on passengers waiting at bus stations. The usual factors affecting the characteristics and composition of PM...
Environmental science and pollution research international
30623325
The use of pesticides has been increasing in agriculture, leading to a public health problem. The aim of this study was to evaluate ototoxic effects in farmers who were exposed to cigarette smoke and/or pesticides and to identify possible classificat...