AIMC Topic: Treatment Outcome

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AI for BPH Surgical Decision-Making: Cost Effectiveness and Outcomes.

Current urology reports Sep 23, 2024
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is prevalent in nearly 70% of men over the age of 60, leading to significant clinical challenges due to varying symptom presentations and treatment responses. The decision to undergo surgical inte...
Treatment Outcome Prostatic Hyperplasia Cost-Benefit Analysis Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Humans Artificial Intelligence Clinical Decision-Making Male
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Whole slide image-based weakly supervised deep learning for predicting major pathological response in non-small cell lung cancer following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy: a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study.

Frontiers in immunology Sep 20, 2024
OBJECTIVE: Develop a predictive model utilizing weakly supervised deep learning techniques to accurately forecast major pathological response (MPR) in patients with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemoimmunothera...
Aged Humans Deep Learning Neoadjuvant Therapy Adult Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Lung Neoplasms Retrospective Studies Male Immunotherapy Female Supervised Machine Learning Middle Aged Treatment Outcome
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Machine learning approaches to evaluate heterogeneous treatment effects in randomized controlled trials: a scoping review.

Journal of clinical epidemiology Sep 19, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has received substantial attention recently. This has led to the development of several statistical and machine learning (ML) algorith...
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Bayes Theorem Humans Treatment Effect Heterogeneity Machine Learning Algorithms Treatment Outcome
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OxcarNet: sinc convolutional network with temporal and channel attention for prediction of oxcarbazepine monotherapy responses in patients with newly diagnosed epilepsy.

Journal of neural engineering Sep 19, 2024
Monotherapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is the preferred strategy for the initial treatment of epilepsy. However, an inadequate response to the initially prescribed AED is a significant indicator of a poor long-term prognosis, emphasizing the imp...
Anticonvulsants Attention Oxcarbazepine Female Humans Young Adult Middle Aged Neural Networks, Computer Adult Retrospective Studies Treatment Outcome Male Electroencephalography Epilepsy
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Machine learning algorithm for predicting seizure control after temporal lobe resection using peri-ictal electroencephalography.

Scientific reports Sep 18, 2024
Brain resection is curative for a subset of patients with drug resistant epilepsy but up to half will fail to achieve sustained seizure freedom in the long term. There is a critical need for accurate prediction tools to identify patients likely to ha...
Drug Resistant Epilepsy Temporal Lobe Adult Male Middle Aged Adolescent Treatment Outcome Electroencephalography Machine Learning Seizures Algorithms Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe Humans Female Young Adult
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Sensory Stimulation and Robot-Assisted Arm Training After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Journal of neurologic physical therapy : JNPT Sep 17, 2024
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Functional recovery after stroke is often limited, despite various treatment methods such as robot-assisted therapy. Repetitive sensory stimulation (RSS) might be a promising add-on therapy that is thought to directly drive pl...
Female Aged Adult Male Humans Stroke Arm Paresis Stroke Rehabilitation Middle Aged Treatment Outcome Recovery of Function Robotics
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The emerging role of AI in enhancing intratumoral immunotherapy care.

Oncotarget Sep 17, 2024
The emergence of immunotherapy (IO), and more recently intratumoral IO presents a novel approach to cancer treatment which can enhance immune responses while allowing combination therapy and reducing systemic adverse events. These techniques are inte...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Treatment Outcome Precision Medicine Neoplasms Quality of Life Immunotherapy
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Machine learning-based identification of an immunotherapy-related signature to enhance outcomes and immunotherapy responses in melanoma.

Frontiers in immunology Sep 17, 2024
BACKGROUND: Immunotherapy has revolutionized skin cutaneous melanoma treatment, but response variability due to tumor heterogeneity necessitates robust biomarkers for predicting immunotherapy response.
Tumor Microenvironment Biomarkers, Tumor Animals Gene Expression Profiling Humans Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic Transcriptome Machine Learning Gene Regulatory Networks Treatment Outcome Prognosis Mice Melanoma Immunotherapy Skin Neoplasms
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Enhanced network synchronization connectivity following transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in bipolar depression: Effects on EEG oscillations and deep learning-based predictors of clinical remission.

Journal of affective disorders Sep 16, 2024
AIM: To investigate oscillatory networks in bipolar depression, effects of a home-based tDCS treatment protocol, and potential predictors of clinical response.
Adult Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Humans Female Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Bipolar Disorder Treatment Outcome Electroencephalography Remission Induction
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Automated biventricular quantification in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot using a three-dimensional deep learning segmentation model.

Journal of cardiovascular magnetic resonance : official journal of the Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Sep 11, 2024
BACKGROUND: Deep learning is the state-of-the-art approach for automated segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) images. However, these models have been mostly trained and validated ...
Adolescent Child Imaging, Three-Dimensional Treatment Outcome Predictive Value of Tests Cardiac Surgical Procedures Heart Ventricles Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Adult Male Ventricular Function, Left Deep Learning Retrospective Studies Female Humans Reproducibility of Results Automation Databases, Factual Young Adult Tetralogy of Fallot Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine Ventricular Function, Right
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