AIMC Topic: Algorithms

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Digital pathology and image analysis of p53 biomarker in lymphomas using two algorithms: correlation with genotype and visual inspection.

Journal of clinical pathology
p53 immunohistochemistry (IHC) is widely used as a rapid surrogate for detecting mutations, with mutations being a key biomarker for poor outcomes in lymphomas. We developed two algorithms using digital quantification tools to assess p53 expression...

Computational prediction of mutagenicity through comprehensive cell painting analysis.

Mutagenesis
The mutagenicity of chemical compounds is a key consideration in toxicology, drug development, and environmental safety. Traditional methods such as the Ames test, while reliable, are time-intensive and costly. With advances in imaging and machine le...

Structure from motion-convolutional neural network model (SfM-CNN) achieved accurate portable Chinese dietary chemical composition estimation for dietary recall.

Food chemistry
Accurately estimating the chemical composition of dietary intake is essential for health and nutrition management, especially in regions with complex culinary diversity like China. This study introduces a novel AI-driven solution using a Structure fr...

Addressing bias in biomarker discovery for inflammatory bowel diseases: A multi-faceted analytical approach.

International immunopharmacology
Xiang-Guang et al. investigate the identification of novel biomarkers linked to M1 macrophage infiltration in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Utilizing advanced bioinformatics and machine learning techniques, the researchers developed predictive m...

Artificial intelligence in predicting efficacy and toxicity of Immunotherapy: Applications, challenges, and future directions.

Cancer letters
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized cancer treatment, becoming a standard approach for various tumor types. Consequently, accurately predicting their efficacy has become crucial in clinical practice. Artificial intelligence (AI) h...

Machine Learning Algorithms for Predicting Urinary Tract Infections: Integration of Demographic Data and Dipstick Reflectance Results.

Clinical chemistry
BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common infections encountered in healthcare settings. Current diagnostic practices often require 24-48 h due to the time needed for culture results. Given that 70%-80% of cultures return ...

Deep Learning-Augmented Sleep Spindle Detection for Acute Disorders of Consciousness: Integrating CNN and Decision Tree Validation.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
Sleep spindles, which are key biomarkers of non-rapid eye movement stage 2 sleep, play a crucial role in predicting outcomes for patients with acute disorders of consciousness (ADOC). However, several critical challenges remain in spindle detection: ...

Data-Centric Learning Framework for Real-Time Detection of Aiming Beam in Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Guided Surgery.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
This study introduces a novel data-centric approach to improve real-time surgical guidance using fiber-based fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIm). A key aspect of the methodology is the accurate detection of the aiming beam, which is essential for lo...

Multi-View Self-Supervised Learning Enhances Automatic Sleep Staging From EEG Signals.

IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering
Deep learning-based methods for automatic sleep staging offer an efficient and objective alternative to costly manual scoring. However, their reliance on extensive labeled datasets and the challenge of generalization to new subjects and datasets limi...

JailbreakHunter: A Visual Analytics Approach for Jailbreak Prompts Discovery From Large-Scale Human-LLM Conversational Datasets.

IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics
Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant attention but also raised concerns due to the risk of misuse. Jailbreak prompts, a popular type of adversarial attack towards LLMs, have appeared and constantly evolved to breach the safety protoco...