AIMC Topic: Diagnosis, Differential
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Serologic biomarker discovery for differentiating Lyme disease from diseases with similar clinical symptoms using broad profiling of antibody binding.
Frontiers in immunology
May 16, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Lyme disease (LD) is a tick-borne disease that is a substantial public health burden with estimated about 0.5 million new cases per year in the US and increasing incidence. Differentiating Lyme disease, especially in its early stages, f...
Machine learning model for differentiating malignant from benign thyroid nodules based on the thyroid function data.
BMJ open
May 7, 2025
OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model to differentiate malignant from benign thyroid nodules (TNs) based on the routine data and provide diagnostic assistance for medical professionals.
Radiomic study of common sellar region lesions differentiation in magnetic resonance imaging based on multi-classification machine learning model.
BMC medical imaging
May 3, 2025
OBJECTIVE: Pituitary adenomas (PAs), craniopharyngiomas (CRs), Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs), and tuberculum sellar meningiomas (TSMs) are common sellar region lesions with similar imaging characteristics, making differential diagnosis challenging. Thi...
Meningeal Neoplasms
Sella Turcica
Craniopharyngioma
Central Nervous System Cysts
Adenoma
Diagnosis, Differential
Meningioma
Adult
Retrospective Studies
Adolescent
Humans
Radiomics
Female
Support Vector Machine
Machine Learning
Male
Aged
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Middle Aged
Young Adult
Pituitary Neoplasms
Dedicated AI Expert System vs Generative AI With Large Language Model for Clinical Diagnoses.
JAMA network open
May 1, 2025
IMPORTANCE: Large language models (LLMs) have not yet been compared with traditional diagnostic decision support systems (DDSSs) on unpublished clinical cases.
A radiomics approach to distinguish Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Richardson's syndrome from other phenotypes starting from MR images.
Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
Apr 13, 2025
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is an uncommon neurodegenerative disorder with different clinical onset, including Richardson's syndrome (PSP-RS) and other variant phenotypes (vPSP). Recognising the clinical progression...
The differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder in adults.
Expert review of neurotherapeutics
Apr 13, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Diagnosing autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in adults is challenging due to its heterogeneity and symptom overlap with other conditions. Making an accurate diagnosis can be difficult and overwhelming but is vital for proper accommodations...
Development of a machine learning-based diagnostic model using hematological parameters to differentiate periductal mastitis from granulomatous lobular mastitis.
Science progress
Apr 13, 2025
ObjectiveNonpuerperal mastitis (NPM) is an inflammatory condition, including periductal mastitis (PDM) and granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM). The clinical manifestations of PDM and GLM are highly similar, posing significant challenges in their dif...
Machine learning-based differentiation of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder using multiscale fuzzy entropy and relative power from resting-state EEG.
Translational psychiatry
Apr 12, 2025
Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) pose diagnostic challenges due to overlapping clinical symptoms and genetic factors, often resulting in misdiagnosis and suboptimal treatment outcomes. This study aimed to identify EEG-based biomarkers tha...
Evaluating medical AI systems in dermatology under uncertain ground truth.
Medical image analysis
Apr 9, 2025
For safety, medical AI systems undergo thorough evaluations before deployment, validating their predictions against a ground truth which is assumed to be fixed and certain. However, in medical applications, this ground truth is often curated in the f...
Towards accurate differential diagnosis with large language models.
Nature
Apr 9, 2025
A comprehensive differential diagnosis is a cornerstone of medical care that is often reached through an iterative process of interpretation that combines clinical history, physical examination, investigations and procedures. Interactive interfaces p...
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