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Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

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Adaptive selection of the optimal strategy to improve precision and power in randomized trials.

Biometrics
Benkeser et al. demonstrate how adjustment for baseline covariates in randomized trials can meaningfully improve precision for a variety of outcome types. Their findings build on a long history, starting in 1932 with R.A. Fisher and including more re...

Minimally invasive versus open pancreatic surgery: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

BJS open
BACKGROUND: Widespread implementation of the minimally invasive technique in pancreatic surgery has proven to be challenging. The aim of this study was to compare the perioperative outcomes of minimally invasive (laparoscopic and robotic) pancreatic ...

Robot-assisted radical cystectomy: Where we are in 2023.

Investigative and clinical urology
Open radical cystectomy (ORC) is associated with high rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality, owing to its extensive surgical nature and the high frequency of multiple co-morbidities among patients. As an alternative, robot-assisted radical c...

The effect of robot interventions on sleep in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine
STUDY OBJECTIVES: Robotic pets or companion robots have demonstrated positive effects on several emotional and physiological factors in humans. Robots could constitute a complementary or alternative method to treat sleep problems, but individual stud...

Promoting the Importance of Recall Visits Among Dental Patients in India Using a Semi-Autonomous AI System.

Studies in health technology and informatics
In many developing countries like India, there is a widespread lack of general awareness about the importance of good oral health, which causes dental patients to neglect their oral hygiene, thus precipitating many long-term ailments. We developed an...

Development and validation pathways of artificial intelligence tools evaluated in randomised clinical trials.

BMJ health & care informatics
OBJECTIVE: Given the complexities of testing the translational capability of new artificial intelligence (AI) tools, we aimed to map the pathways of training/validation/testing in development process and external validation of AI tools evaluated in d...

AIPW: An R Package for Augmented Inverse Probability-Weighted Estimation of Average Causal Effects.

American journal of epidemiology
An increasing number of recent studies have suggested that doubly robust estimators with cross-fitting should be used when estimating causal effects with machine learning methods. However, not all existing programs that implement doubly robust estima...