AI Medical Compendium Topic

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic

Showing 81 to 90 of 313 articles

Clear Filters

Tafoxiparin, a novel drug candidate for cervical ripening and labor augmentation: results from 2 randomized, placebo-controlled studies.

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
BACKGROUND: Slow progression of labor is a common obstetrical problem with multiple associated complications. Tafoxiparin is a depolymerized form of heparin with a molecular structure that eliminates the anticoagulant effects of heparin. We report on...

Adaptive selection of the optimal strategy to improve precision and power in randomized trials.

Biometrics
Benkeser et al. demonstrate how adjustment for baseline covariates in randomized trials can meaningfully improve precision for a variety of outcome types. Their findings build on a long history, starting in 1932 with R.A. Fisher and including more re...

Impact of study design on adenoma detection in the evaluation of artificial intelligence-aided colonoscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Gastrointestinal endoscopy
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported that artificial intelligence (AI) improves endoscopic polyp detection. Different methodologies-namely, parallel and tandem designs-have been used to evaluate the efficacy of AI-as...

Effects of robotic therapy associated with noninvasive brain stimulation on motor function in individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.

The journal of spinal cord medicine
CONTEXT: Motor deficits are among the most common consequences of incomplete spinal cord injury (SCI). These impairments can affect patients' levels of functioning and quality of life. Combined robotic therapy and non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS...

Concordance of randomised controlled trials for artificial intelligence interventions with the CONSORT-AI reporting guidelines.

Nature communications
The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials extension for Artificial Intelligence interventions (CONSORT-AI) was published in September 2020. Since its publication, several randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of AI interventions have been publishe...

Effects of robot-assisted gait training on motor performance of lower limb in poststroke survivors: a systematic review with meta-analysis.

European review for medical and pharmacological sciences
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the effects of robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on improving walking ability, and to determine the optimal dosage of task-specific training based on RAGT for stroke patients.

Pedicle screw placement accuracy in robot-assisted versus image-guided freehand surgery of thoraco-lumbar spine (ROBARTHRODESE): study protocol for a single-centre randomized controlled trial.

Trials
BACKGROUND: Robotic spinal surgery may result in better pedicle screw placement accuracy, and reduction in radiation exposure and length of stay, compared to freehand surgery. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to compare screw ...

External Validation of a Digital Pathology-based Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Architecture in the NRG/RTOG 9902 Phase 3 Trial.

European urology oncology
BACKGROUND: Accurate risk stratification is critical to guide management decisions in localized prostate cancer (PCa). Previously, we had developed and validated a multimodal artificial intelligence (MMAI) model generated from digital histopathology ...

Do machine learning methods lead to similar individualized treatment rules? A comparison study on real data.

Statistics in medicine
Identifying patients who benefit from a treatment is a key aspect of personalized medicine, which allows the development of individualized treatment rules (ITRs). Many machine learning methods have been proposed to create such rules. However, to what...

Data extraction for evidence synthesis using a large language model: A proof-of-concept study.

Research synthesis methods
Data extraction is a crucial, yet labor-intensive and error-prone part of evidence synthesis. To date, efforts to harness machine learning for enhancing efficiency of the data extraction process have fallen short of achieving sufficient accuracy and ...