AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Large language model as a clinical decision support tool in the initial management of critically ill children: a pilot evaluation.

European journal of pediatrics
UNLABELLED: Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are being explored as clinical decision support tools, but their reliability in pediatric acute care remains uncertain. This pilot study assessed ChatGPT-4.0's performance in the early management ...

A comprehensive feature importance analysis of surgical site infection following colorectal cancer surgery.

Scientific reports
Surgical site infection (SSI) after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery is still a significant healthcare issue. This study aimed to analyze risk factor associated with SSI. A total of 528 consecutive CRC patients who underwent curative resections betwee...

Impact of patient-specific deep learning lung organs-at-risk segmentation on accumulated dose in online adaptive 0.35 T MR-guided radiotherapy.

Physics in medicine and biology
Online adaptation in magnetic resonance imaging-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT) for lung cancer is hindered by time-consuming organs-at-risk (OARs) recontouring on daily MR images (dMRIs) and inter-/intra-observer variability. Deep learning auto-segmenta...

MRI-based 2.5D deep learning and radiomics effectively predicted microvascular invasion and Ki-67 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

PloS one
OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate an integrated 2.5D deep learning (DL) and Radiomics model using gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI hepatobiliary phase (HBP) images combined with clinical features for preoperative prediction of microvascular invasion (MVI...

Estimating 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Primary Prevention Using UK Electronic Health Records and a Hybrid Multitask BERT Model: Retrospective Cohort Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, highlighting the need for early risk stratification in primary prevention. Traditional Cox models assume proportional hazards and linear effects,...

Development and validation of a machine learning model for on-site prediction of coronary heart disease in high-risk adults using clinical data.

PloS one
BACKGROUND: Risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in a specific period of years can be assessed using scores calculated by models, such as pooled cohort equations (PCEs) and Framingham Risk Score. However, there are few studies on on-site estimation o...

Nonenhanced CT-Based radiomics model enhances PTC detection in Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

BMC cancer
BACKGROUND: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common benign thyroid disease that often coexists with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Owing to the diffuse changes in the thyroid caused by HT, PTCs can be challenging to detect using conventional ima...

AI-Assisted 3D diagnosis of impacted maxillary canines: A validation study.

Clinical oral investigations
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to validate an artificial intelligence (AI)-based automated image analysis for three-dimensional (3D) characterization of impacted canine position. In addition, it compared clinical treatment plans developed using conve...

Large Language Model Versus Manual Review for Clinical Data Curation in Breast Cancer: Retrospective Comparative Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Manual review of electronic health records for clinical research is labor-intensive and prone to reviewer-dependent variations. Large language models (LLMs) offer potential for automated clinical data extraction; however, their feasibilit...