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Brain Diseases

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An empirical evaluation of multivariate lesion behaviour mapping using support vector regression.

Human brain mapping
Multivariate lesion behaviour mapping based on machine learning algorithms has recently been suggested to complement the methods of anatomo-behavioural approaches in cognitive neuroscience. Several studies applied and validated support vector regress...

Ultra-Low-Dose F-Florbetaben Amyloid PET Imaging Using Deep Learning with Multi-Contrast MRI Inputs.

Radiology
Purpose To reduce radiotracer requirements for amyloid PET/MRI without sacrificing diagnostic quality by using deep learning methods. Materials and Methods Forty data sets from 39 patients (mean age ± standard deviation [SD], 67 years ± 8), including...

Machine learning studies on major brain diseases: 5-year trends of 2014-2018.

Japanese journal of radiology
In the recent 5 years (2014-2018), there has been growing interest in the use of machine learning (ML) techniques to explore image diagnosis and prognosis of therapeutic lesion changes within the area of neuroradiology. However, to date, the majority...

The revised Cerebral Recovery Index improves predictions of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest.

Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology
OBJECTIVE: Analysis of the electroencephalogram (EEG) background pattern helps predicting neurological outcome of comatose patients after cardiac arrest (CA). Visual analysis may not extract all discriminative information. We present predictive value...

Iterative quality enhancement via residual-artifact learning networks for low-dose CT.

Physics in medicine and biology
Radiation exposure and the associated risk of cancer for patients in computed tomography (CT) scans have been major clinical concerns. The radiation exposure can be reduced effectively via lowering the x-ray tube current (mA). However, this strategy ...

Radiomics features on non-contrast-enhanced CT scan can precisely classify AVM-related hematomas from other spontaneous intraparenchymal hematoma types.

European radiology
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the classification ability of quantitative radiomics features extracted on non-contrast-enhanced CT (NECT) image for discrimination of AVM-related hematomas from those caused by other etiologies.

POETenceph - Automatic identification of clinical notes indicating encephalopathy using a realist ontology.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
Identifying inpatients with encephalopathy is important. The disorder is prevalent, often missed, and puts patients at risk. We describe POETenceph, natural language processing pipeline, which ranks clinical notes on the extent to which they indicate...

Blurring the boundaries between frame-based and frameless stereotaxy: feasibility study for brain biopsies performed with the use of a head-mounted robot.

Journal of neurosurgery
OBJECT: Frame-based stereotactic interventions are considered the gold standard for brain biopsies, but they have limitations with regard to flexibility and patient comfort because of the bulky head ring attached to the patient. Frameless image guida...

A review of artificial intelligence-based brain age estimation and its applications for related diseases.

Briefings in functional genomics
The study of brain age has emerged over the past decade, aiming to estimate a person's age based on brain imaging scans. Ideally, predicted brain age should match chronological age in healthy individuals. However, brain structure and function change ...

A Cross-Feature Mutual Learning Framework to Integrate Functional Connectivity and Activity for Brain Disorder Classification.

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference
Time courses (TC) and functional network connectivity (FNC) features, derived from functional magnetic resonance imaging, show considerable potential in the study of brain disorders. Despite significant advancements, most deep learning approaches ten...