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Cerebral Cortex

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Identification of the Neural Circuit Underlying Episodic Memory Deficit in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment via Machine Learning on Gray Matter Volume.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD
Based on whole-brain gray matter volume (GMV), we used relevance vector regression to predict the Rey's Auditory Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall (AVLT-DR) scores of individual amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) patient. The whole-brain GMV...

Accounting for symptom heterogeneity can improve neuroimaging models of antidepressant response after electroconvulsive therapy.

Human brain mapping
Depression symptom heterogeneity limits the identifiability of treatment-response biomarkers. Whether improvement along dimensions of depressive symptoms relates to separable neural networks remains poorly understood. We build on work describing thre...

Identifying resting state differences salient for resilience to chronic pain based on machine learning multivariate pattern analysis.

Psychophysiology
Studies have documented behavior differences between more versus less resilient adults with chronic pain (CP), but the presence and nature of underlying neurophysiological differences have received scant attention. In this study, we attempted to iden...

Single cortical neurons as deep artificial neural networks.

Neuron
Utilizing recent advances in machine learning, we introduce a systematic approach to characterize neurons' input/output (I/O) mapping complexity. Deep neural networks (DNNs) were trained to faithfully replicate the I/O function of various biophysical...

Deep learning from MRI-derived labels enables automatic brain tissue classification on human brain CT.

NeuroImage
Automatic methods for feature extraction, volumetry, and morphometric analysis in clinical neuroscience typically operate on images obtained with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging equipment. Although CT scans are less expensive to acquire and more wide...

A parallel attention-augmented bilinear network for early magnetic resonance imaging-based diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

Human brain mapping
Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) can capture the spatial patterns of brain atrophy in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and incipient dementia. Recently, many sMRI-based deep learning methods have been developed for AD diagnosis. Some of these met...

MesoNet allows automated scaling and segmentation of mouse mesoscale cortical maps using machine learning.

Nature communications
Understanding the basis of brain function requires knowledge of cortical operations over wide spatial scales and the quantitative analysis of brain activity in well-defined brain regions. Matching an anatomical atlas to brain functional data requires...

A dynamic graph convolutional neural network framework reveals new insights into connectome dysfunctions in ADHD.

NeuroImage
The pathological mechanism of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is incompletely specified, which leads to difficulty in precise diagnosis. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has emerged as a common neuroimaging technique for s...

Unsupervised deep learning identifies semantic disentanglement in single inferotemporal face patch neurons.

Nature communications
In order to better understand how the brain perceives faces, it is important to know what objective drives learning in the ventral visual stream. To answer this question, we model neural responses to faces in the macaque inferotemporal (IT) cortex wi...

Sequential method for fast neural population activity reconstruction in the cortex from incomplete noisy measurements.

Computers in biology and medicine
During recent years there has been a growing interest in stochastic dynamic neural fields employed for modeling and predictions in biomedical and technical systems. In this paper, given some incomplete noisy data available from sensors, we propose an...