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From cognitive and clinical substrates to functional profiles: Disentangling heterogeneity in schizophrenia.

Psychiatry research
The relationship between neurocognition and functioning among patients with schizophrenia is well documented. However, integrating neuropsychological, clinical and psychopathological data to better investigate functional outcome still constitutes a c...

Neural network analysis of sleep stages enables efficient diagnosis of narcolepsy.

Nature communications
Analysis of sleep for the diagnosis of sleep disorders such as Type-1 Narcolepsy (T1N) currently requires visual inspection of polysomnography records by trained scoring technicians. Here, we used neural networks in approximately 3,000 normal and abn...

Exploring the interactions between serum free fatty acids and fecal microbiota in obesity through a machine learning algorithm.

Food research international (Ottawa, Ont.)
Serum free fatty acids (FFA) are generally elevated in obesity. The gut microbiota is involved in the host energy metabolism through the regulation of body fat storage, and a link between diet, FFA and the intestinal microbiota seems to exist. Our ai...

Vertebral body insufficiency fractures: detection of vertebrae at risk on standard CT images using texture analysis and machine learning.

European radiology
PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of bone texture analysis (TA) combined with machine learning (ML) algorithms in standard CT scans to identify patients with vertebrae at risk for insufficiency fractures.

Using Neural Multi-task Learning to Extract Substance Abuse Information from Clinical Notes.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
Substance abuse carries many negative health consequences. Detailed information about patients' substance abuse history is usually captured in free-text clinical notes. Automatic extraction of substance abuse information is vital to assess patients' ...

Integrated machine learning pipeline for aberrant biomarker enrichment (i-mAB): characterizing clusters of differentiation within a compendium of systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
Clusters of differentiation () are cell surface biomarkers that denote key biological differences between cell types and disease state. CD-targeting therapeutic monoclonal antibodies () afford rich trans-disease repositioning opportunities. Within a ...

Disease Trajectories and End-of-Life Care for Dementias: Latent Topic Modeling and Trend Analysis Using Clinical Notes.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
Despite the increasing prevalence, growing costs, and high mortality of dementia in older adults in the U.S., little is known about the course of these diseases and what care dementia patients receive in their final years of life. Using a large volum...

Shared Decision-Making Ontology for a Healthcare Team Executing a Workflow, an Instantiation for Metastatic Spinal Cord Compression Management.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
Regardless of potential benefits and better outcomes, adoption of shared decision-making between a patient and providers involved in his/her care is still in its infancy. This paper intends to fill this gap by formalizing shared decision-making, situ...

Investigating a Needle-Based Epidural Procedure in Obstetric Anesthesia.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
This study investigates the safety and efficacy of a large-dose, needle-based epidural technique in obstetric anesthesia. The technique differs from a standard, catheter-based approach in that the anesthetic dose is administered through an epidural n...

SmartHeLP: Smartphone-based Hemoglobin Level Prediction Using an Artificial Neural Network.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
Blood hemoglobin level (Hgb) measurement has a vital role in the diagnosis, evaluation, and management of numerous diseases. We describe the use of smartphone video imaging and an artificial neural network (ANN) system to estimate Hgb levels non-inva...