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ChatGPT does not replicate human moral judgments: the importance of examining metrics beyond correlation to assess agreement.

Scientific reports
The rise of generative artificial intelligence has prompted claims that large language models (LLMs) can substitute for human participants, particularly in moral judgment tasks where correlations between ChatGPT and humans approach r = 1.00. In respo...

Predicting proximal junctional failure in adult spinal deformity patients using machine learning models based on spinal alignment parameters.

Scientific reports
Proximal junctional failure (PJF) is a significant mechanical complication following corrective surgery for adult spinal deformity (ASD), often resulting in structural failure at the uppermost instrumented vertebra and necessitating revision surgery....

AI-driven clinical decision support for early diagnosis and treatment planning in patients with suspected sleep apnea using clinical and demographic data before sleep studies.

NPJ primary care respiratory medicine
OBJECTIVE: This study explored the application of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to cluster patients with suspected sleep apnea (SA), based on clinical-demographic data, with the aim of optimizing diagnostic pathways and enabling more personalized ...

Machine learning identifies inflammation-related diagnostic biomarkers for primary myelofibrosis with clinical validation.

Scientific reports
Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a heterogeneous bone marrow disorder, and substantial evidence indicates the involvement of inflammatory mediators in its progression. However, a diagnostic model based on inflammation-related genes has not yet been est...

Macrophage mitophagy-related genes predict prognosis and therapeutic response in lung adenocarcinoma.

Scientific reports
Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) in macrophages is crucial yet poorly understood within the lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) tumor microenvironment. This study aimed to identify key macrophage mitophagy-related genes and develop a robust prognostic mode...

Face2Bone explainable AI model predicts osteoporosis risk from facial images in proof of concept study.

Scientific reports
OBJECTIVES: BMI and age are associated with the risk of osteoporosis (OP). The dynamic facial aging process involves changes in skin, muscle, fat, and facial bone structures, with facial skeletal aging affecting facial contours through volumetric red...

Deep learning and whole-brain networks for biomarker discovery: modeling the dynamics of brain fluctuations in resting-state and cognitive tasks.

Scientific reports
Brain network models offer insights into brain dynamics, but the utility of model-derived bifurcation parameters as biomarkers remains underexplored. This study evaluates bifurcation parameters from a whole-brain network model as biomarkers for disti...

Evaluating ChatGPT-4o as an Educational Support Tool for the Emergency Management of Dental Trauma: Randomized Controlled Study Among Students.

JMIR medical education
BACKGROUND: Digital tools are increasingly used to support clinical decision-making in dental education. However, the accuracy and efficiency of different support tools, including generative artificial intelligence, in the context of dental trauma ma...

Leveraging Large Language Models to Identify Engagement-Driving Features in Vaping-Related TikTok Videos: Cross-Sectional Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use is prevalent in youth and young adults in the United States. TikTok (ByteDance), a popular social media platform among youth and young adults, has become a key avenue for disseminating e-cigarette-re...

Teaching Clinical Reasoning in Health Care Professions Learners Using AI-Generated Script Concordance Tests: Mixed Methods Formative Evaluation.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in medical education is evolving, offering new tools to enhance teaching and assessment. Among these, script concordance tests (SCTs) are well-suited to evaluate clinical reasoning in contex...