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A novel deep learning system for automated diagnosis and grading of lumbar spinal stenosis based on spine MRI: model development and validation.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to develop a single-stage deep learning (DL) screening system for automated binary and multiclass grading of lumbar central stenosis (LCS), lateral recess stenosis (LRS), and lumbar foraminal stenosis (LFS).

Streamlining microsurgical procedures: a phantom trial of an artificial intelligence-driven robotic microscope assistant.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Surgical microscopes are essential in microsurgery for magnification, focus, and illumination. However, surgeons must frequently adjust the microscope manually-typically via a handgrip or mouth switch-to maintain a well-centered view that ...

A multiregional multimodal machine learning model for predicting outcome of surgery for symptomatic hemorrhagic brainstem cavernous malformations.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Given that resection of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs) ends hemorrhaging but carries a high risk of neurological deficits, it is necessary to develop and validate a model predicting surgical outcomes. This study aimed to constru...

Machine learning approaches for predicting prolonged hospital length of stay after lumbar fusion surgery in patients aged 75 years and older: a retrospective cohort study based on comprehensive geriatric assessment.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Postoperative recovery following lumbar fusion surgery in patients aged 75 years and older often requires a prolonged length of stay (PLOS) in the hospital. Accurately predicting the risk of PLOS and assessing its risk factors for preopera...

Deep learning-based clinical decision support system for intracerebral hemorrhage: an imaging-based AI-driven framework for automated hematoma segmentation and trajectory planning.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) remains a critical neurosurgical emergency with high mortality and long-term disability. Despite advancements in minimally invasive techniques, procedural precision remains limited by hematoma complexity and ...

Generation of synthetic CT-like imaging of the spine from biplanar radiographs: comparison of different deep learning architectures.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: This study compared two deep learning architectures-generative adversarial networks (GANs) and convolutional neural networks combined with implicit neural representations (CNN-INRs)-for generating synthetic CT (sCT) images of the spine fro...

Phenotype-driven risk stratification of cerebral aneurysms using Shapley Additive Explanations-based supervised clustering: a novel approach to rupture prediction.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to address the limitations of traditional aneurysm risk scoring systems and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analyses by applying a supervised clustering framework to identify distinct aneurysm phenotypes and im...

Zero-shot segmentation of spinal vertebrae with metastatic lesions: an analysis of Meta's Segment Anything Model 2 and factors affecting learning free segmentation.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Accurate vertebral segmentation is an important step in imaging analysis pipelines for diagnosis and subsequent treatment of spinal metastases. Segmenting these metastases is especially challenging given their radiological heterogeneity. C...

Open-source AI-assisted rapid 3D color multimodal image fusion and preoperative augmented reality planning of extracerebral tumors.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop an advanced method for preoperative planning and surgical guidance using open-source artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted rapid 3D color multimodal image fusion (MIF) and augmented reality (AR) in extracerebral...

Does alignment alone predict mechanical complications after adult spinal deformity surgery? A machine learning comparison of alignment, bone quality, and soft tissue.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Mechanical complications are a vexing occurrence after adult spinal deformity (ASD) surgery. While achieving ideal spinal alignment in ASD surgery is critical, alignment alone may not fully explain all mechanical complications. The authors...