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Muscle Contraction

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A locust-inspired miniature jumping robot.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Unmanned ground vehicles are mostly wheeled, tracked, or legged. These locomotion mechanisms have a limited ability to traverse rough terrain and obstacles that are higher than the robot's center of mass. In order to improve the mobility of small rob...

Shoulder complex linkage mechanism for humanlike musculoskeletal robot arms.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
The shoulder complex in the human body consists of the scapula, clavicle, humerus, and thorax and bears the load imposed by arm movements while at the same time realizing a wide range of motions. To mimic and exploit its role, several musculoskeletal...

Incidence of nonresponse and individual patterns of response following sprint interval training.

Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme
The current study sought to explore the incidence of nonresponders for maximal or submaximal performance following a variety of sprint interval training (SIT) protocols. Data from 63 young adults from 5 previously published studies were utilized in t...

Extracting motor synergies from random movements for low-dimensional task-space control of musculoskeletal robots.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
In the field of human motor control, the motor synergy hypothesis explains how humans simplify body control dimensionality by coordinating groups of muscles, called motor synergies, instead of controlling muscles independently. In most applications o...

Effect of bladder wall thickness on miniature pneumatic artificial muscle performance.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) are actuators known for their high power to weight ratio, natural compliance and light weight. Due to these advantages, PAMs have been used for orthotic devices and robotic limbs. Small scale PAMs have the same adv...

Anthropomorphic finger antagonistically actuated by SMA plates.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Most robotic applications that contain shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators use the SMA in a linear or spring shape. In contrast, a novel robotic finger was designed in this paper using SMA plates that were thermomechanically trained to take the shape ...

Controlling legs for locomotion-insights from robotics and neurobiology.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Walking is the most common terrestrial form of locomotion in animals. Its great versatility and flexibility has led to many attempts at building walking machines with similar capabilities. The control of walking is an active research area both in neu...

High-Density Electromyography and Motor Skill Learning for Robust Long-Term Control of a 7-DoF Robot Arm.

IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
Myoelectric control offers a direct interface between human intent and various robotic applications through recorded muscle activity. Traditional control schemes realize this interface through direct mapping or pattern recognition techniques. The for...

Stretch reflex improves rolling stability during hopping of a decerebrate biped system.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
When humans hop, attitude recovery can be observed in both the sagittal and frontal planes. While it is agreed that the brain plays an important role in leg placement, the role of low-level feedback (the stretch reflex) on frontal plane stabilization...