AIMC Topic: Myelin Sheath

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Measurement-oriented deep-learning workflow for improved segmentation of myelin and axons in high-resolution images of human cerebral white matter.

Journal of neuroscience methods Aug 1, 2019
BACKGROUND: Standard segmentation of high-contrast electron micrographs (EM) identifies myelin accurately but does not translate easily into measurements of individual axons and their myelin, even in cross-sections of parallel fibers. We describe aut...
Cerebrum Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Humans Myelin Sheath White Matter Workflow Axons Microscopy, Electron Deep Learning Autopsy
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Deep learning for high-throughput quantification of oligodendrocyte ensheathment at single-cell resolution.

Communications biology Mar 26, 2019
High-throughput quantification of oligodendrocyte myelination is a challenge that, if addressed, would facilitate the development of therapeutics to promote myelin protection and repair. Here, we established a high-throughput method to assess oligode...
Cell Differentiation Myelin Sheath Data Accuracy Rats Rats, Sprague-Dawley Single-Cell Analysis Oligodendroglia Animals Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells Axons Nanofibers Deep Learning Brain
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AxonDeepSeg: automatic axon and myelin segmentation from microscopy data using convolutional neural networks.

Scientific reports Feb 28, 2018
Segmentation of axon and myelin from microscopy images of the nervous system provides useful quantitative information about the tissue microstructure, such as axon density and myelin thickness. This could be used for instance to document cell morphom...
Axons Automation Myelin Sheath Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Software Microscopy Neural Networks, Computer Animals Mice
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PSR-MAPMS: A new approach for the interpretable prediction of myelin autoantigenic peptides in multiple sclerosis using multi-source propensity scores.

Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society Aug 1, 2025
Within the central nervous system, the myelin sheath is composed of elements known as myelin autoantigens that are mistakenly targeted by the immune system in multiple sclerosis (MS). This autoimmune attack leads to the destruction of myelin, resulti...
T-Lymphocytes Humans Peptides Machine Learning Multiple Sclerosis Myelin Sheath Autoantigens Propensity Score
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Cortical myelin mapping in antipsychotic medication-naïve, first-episode psychosis patients.

Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology Aug 1, 2025
While white matter myelin primarily functions to accelerate conduction velocity and has been extensively studied in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD), less is known about the role of gray matter myelin in SSD. Cortical myelination occurs mostly ...
Humans Female Male Adolescent Adult Young Adult Myelin Sheath Cerebral Cortex Magnetic Resonance Imaging Brain Mapping Psychotic Disorders
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