AIMC Topic: Prospective Studies

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Foundation models for EEG decoding: current progress and prospective research.

Journal of neural engineering
Electroencephalography (EEG) records the spontaneous electrical activity in the brain. Despite the growing application of deep learning in EEG decoding, traditional methods still rely heavily on supervised learning, which is often limited by task spe...

Dynamic Changes in Metabolic Syndrome Scores and New-Onset Stroke Risk in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Nationwide Prospective Cohort Study in China Aligned With Predictive, Preventive, and Personalized Medicine.

Journal of the American Heart Association
BACKGROUND: Despite the established link between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and stroke incidence, the effects of dynamic and cumulative MetS scores on stroke risk among middle-aged and older populations in China remain inadequately explored. Furthermo...

Development and validation of a multidimensional and interpretable artificial intelligence model to predict gout recurrence in hospitalised patients: a real-world, ambispective multicentre cohort study in China.

BMC medicine
BACKGROUND: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis. Recurrent flares are common among hospitalised patients and contribute to substantial clinical and economic burden. However, the accurate prediction of inpatient recurrence remains challengi...

A machine learning model including pentraxin-3 as predictor of outcomes in community-acquired pneumonia.

Journal of translational medicine
BACKGROUND: The clinical diagnosis, severity assessment, and outcome prognostication of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remain challenging due to the complex disease pathophysiology. Accurate outcome prediction is crucial for optimizing patient ma...

Development and prospective evaluation of a machine learning model to predict vomiting among pediatric cancer and hematopoietic cell transplant patients.

BMC cancer
PURPOSE: Objectives were to develop a machine learning (ML) model based on electronic health record (EHR) data to predict the risk of vomiting within a 96-hour window after admission to the pediatric oncology and hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) s...

Prompt-dependent performance of multimodal AI model in oral diagnosis: a comprehensive analysis of accuracy, narrative quality, calibration, and latency versus human experts.

Scientific reports
Prompt design is a critical yet underexplored factor influencing the diagnostic performance of large language models (LLMs). Gemini Pro 2.5 shows promise in multimodal reasoning, but no prior study has systematically compared prompt structures in ora...

Evaluation of ChatGPT-5 responses in obstetric and gynecological emergencies: concordance, readability, and clinical reliability.

BMC emergency medicine
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the compliance with guidelines, clinical safety, and applicability of ChatGPT-5 responses in obstetric and gynecological emergency scenarios. With the increasing role of AI-powered large language models (LLMs)...

Intra- and inter-field strength reproducibility of deep-learning based real-time cardiac MRI cine sequences with breath hold and in free breathing.

Scientific reports
To assess intra- and inter-field strength reproducibility of volumetric parameters using deep-learning-based real-time cardiac cine MRI during breath-hold (BH) and free-breathing (FB). In this prospective single-center study, 56 healthy adults underw...

Metagenomic next-generation sequencing unraveled the characteristic of lung microbiota in patients with checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis: results from a prospective cohort study.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer
BACKGROUND: Checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis (CIP) is among the most lethal immune-related adverse events in patients with cancer receiving immunotherapy. This study aims to characterize the lung microbiome in patients with CIP and evaluate its diagn...