AIMC Topic: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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Effect of Artificial Intelligence as a Second Reader on the Lung Nodule Detection and Localization Accuracy of Radiologists and Non-radiology Physicians in Chest Radiographs: A Multicenter Reader Study.

Academic radiology Nov 25, 2024
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Missed nodules in chest radiographs (CXRs) are common occurrences. We assessed the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) as a second reader on the accuracy of radiologists and non-radiology physicians in lung nodule detecti...
Radiography, Thoracic Female Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Reproducibility of Results Radiologists Aged Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Sensitivity and Specificity Observer Variation Humans Male Artificial Intelligence Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Lung Neoplasms Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Brain MR-only workflow in clinical practice: A comparison among generators for quality assurance and patient positioning.

Journal of applied clinical medical physics Nov 25, 2024
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Routine quality control procedures are still required for sCT based on artificial intelligence (AI) to verify the performance of the generators. The aim of this study was to evaluate three generators based on AI or bulk densit...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Tomography, X-Ray Computed Brain Neoplasms Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging Workflow Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated Patient Positioning Phantoms, Imaging Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted Quality Assurance, Health Care Radiotherapy Dosage
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An Application of Machine-Learning-Oriented Radiomics Model in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) Early Diagnosis.

British journal of hospital medicine (London, England : 2005) Nov 25, 2024
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a common and aggressive form of kidney cancer, where early diagnosis is crucial for improving prognosis and treatment outcomes. Radiomics, which utilizes machine learning techniques, presents a promising ap...
Humans ROC Curve Machine Learning Radiomics Tomography, X-Ray Computed Early Detection of Cancer Male Female Kidney Neoplasms Middle Aged Aged Carcinoma, Renal Cell
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Predicting Epidural Hematoma Expansion in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Machine Learning Approach.

The neuroradiology journal Nov 24, 2024
IntroductionTraumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, with epidural hematoma (EDH) being a severe consequence. This study focuses on identifying factors predicting EDH volume changes in TBI patients and de...
Brain Injuries, Traumatic Hematoma, Epidural, Cranial Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Machine Learning Aged Humans Retrospective Studies Adult Tomography, X-Ray Computed Male Female Middle Aged
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CT ventilation images produced by a 3D neural network show improvement over the Jacobian and HU DIR-based methods to predict quantized lung function.

Medical physics Nov 23, 2024
BACKGROUND: Radiation-induced pneumonitis affects up to 33% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients, with fatal pneumonitis occurring in 2% of patients. Pneumonitis risk is related to the dose and volume of lung irradiated. Clinical radiothera...
Tomography, X-Ray Computed Lung Imaging, Three-Dimensional Lung Neoplasms Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Pulmonary Ventilation Humans Neural Networks, Computer
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The Pivotal Role of Baseline LDCT for Lung Cancer Screening in the Era of Artificial Intelligence.

Archivos de bronconeumologia Nov 22, 2024
In this narrative review, we address the ongoing challenges of lung cancer (LC) screening using chest low-dose computerized tomography (LDCT) and explore the contributions of artificial intelligence (AI), in overcoming them. We focus on evaluating th...
Deep Learning Lung Neoplasms Early Detection of Cancer Humans Radiation Dosage Artificial Intelligence Tomography, X-Ray Computed Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
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Artificial intelligence-based body composition analysis using computed tomography images predicts both prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus.

Journal of diabetes investigation Nov 22, 2024
AIM/INTRODUCTION: We assess the efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI)-based, fully automated, volumetric body composition metrics in predicting the risk of diabetes.
Humans Artificial Intelligence Prognosis Retrospective Studies Middle Aged Prevalence Incidence Diabetes Mellitus Longitudinal Studies Follow-Up Studies Body Composition Intra-Abdominal Fat Aged Tomography, X-Ray Computed Adult Female Cross-Sectional Studies Risk Factors Male
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Generalizability of lesion detection and segmentation when ScaleNAS is trained on a large multi-organ dataset and validated in the liver.

Medical physics Nov 22, 2024
BACKGROUND: Tumor assessment through imaging is crucial for diagnosing and treating cancer. Lesions in the liver, a common site for metastatic disease, are particularly challenging to accurately detect and segment. This labor-intensive task is subjec...
Colorectal Neoplasms Liver Neoplasms Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Liver Humans Artificial Intelligence Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Unsupervised Deep Learning for Synthetic CT Generation from CBCT Images for Proton and Carbon Ion Therapy for Paediatric Patients.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 22, 2024
Image-guided treatment adaptation is a game changer in oncological particle therapy (PT), especially for younger patients. The purpose of this study is to present a cycle generative adversarial network (CycleGAN)-based method for synthetic computed t...
Proton Therapy Heavy Ion Radiotherapy Humans Tomography, X-Ray Computed Child Deep Learning Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Signal-To-Noise Ratio
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The development of an attention mechanism enhanced deep learning model and its application for body composition assessment with L3 CT images.

Scientific reports Nov 22, 2024
Body composition assessment is very useful for evaluating a patient's status in the clinic, but recognizing, labeling, and calculating the body compositions would be burdensome. This study aims to develop a web-based service that could automate calcu...
Adult Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Tomography, X-Ray Computed Female Aged Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Body Composition Intra-Abdominal Fat Subcutaneous Fat Humans
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