AIMC Topic: Adult

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Incidental radiological findings during clinical tuberculosis screening in Lesotho and South Africa: a case series.

Journal of medical case reports
BACKGROUND: Chest X-ray offers high sensitivity and acceptable specificity as a tuberculosis screening tool, but in areas with a high burden of tuberculosis, there is often a lack of radiological expertise to interpret chest X-ray. Computer-aided det...

Use of artificial intelligence in triaging of chest radiographs to reduce radiologists' workload.

European radiology
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate whether deep learning-based detection algorithms (DLD)-based triaging can reduce outpatient chest radiograph interpretation workload while maintaining noninferior sensitivity.

Deep learning based on dynamic susceptibility contrast MR imaging for prediction of local progression in adult-type diffuse glioma (grade 4).

Scientific reports
Adult-type diffuse glioma (grade 4) has infiltrating nature, and therefore local progression is likely to occur within surrounding non-enhancing T2 hyperintense areas even after gross total resection of contrast-enhancing lesions. Cerebral blood volu...

Robotic locomotor training in a low-resource setting: a randomized pilot and feasibility trial.

Disability and rehabilitation
PURPOSE: Activity-based Training (ABT) represents the current standard of neurological rehabilitation. Robotic Locomotor Training (RLT), an innovative technique, aims to enhance rehabilitation outcomes. This study aimed to conduct a randomized pilot ...

Deep learning models for webcam eye tracking in online experiments.

Behavior research methods
Eye tracking is prevalent in scientific and commercial applications. Recent computer vision and deep learning methods enable eye tracking with off-the-shelf webcams and reduce dependence on expensive, restrictive hardware. However, such deep learning...

Effects of a comprehensive brain computed tomography deep learning model on radiologist detection accuracy.

European radiology
OBJECTIVES: Non-contrast computed tomography of the brain (NCCTB) is commonly used to detect intracranial pathology but is subject to interpretation errors. Machine learning can augment clinical decision-making and improve NCCTB scan interpretation. ...

Individual-Level Prediction of Exposure Therapy Outcome Using Structural and Functional MRI Data in Spider Phobia: A Machine-Learning Study.

Depression and anxiety
Machine-learning prediction studies have shown potential to inform treatment stratification, but recent efforts to predict psychotherapy outcomes with clinical routine data have only resulted in moderate prediction accuracies. Neuroimaging data showe...

Automated prognosis of renal function decline in ADPKD patients using deep learning.

Zeitschrift fur medizinische Physik
An accurate prognosis of renal function decline in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease (ADPKD) is crucial for early intervention. Current biomarkers used are height-adjusted total kidney volume (HtTKV), estimated glomerular filtration rate (...

3D Breast Cancer Segmentation in DCE-MRI Using Deep Learning With Weak Annotation.

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
BACKGROUND: Deep learning models require large-scale training to perform confidently, but obtaining annotated datasets in medical imaging is challenging. Weak annotation has emerged as a way to save time and effort.

Robot-assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty is a valid option for ureteropelvic junction obstruction repair in adults with congenital renal abnormalities: a case series study.

BMC urology
BACKGROUND: Congenital renal anomalies are rare but may be associated with obstruction of the ureteropelvic junction. Given the rarity of simultaneous ureteropelvic junction obstruction [UPJO] and renal anomalies in the adult population, there is lim...