AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Child, Preschool

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Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) seroprevalence and current epidemiology in England and Wales.

The Journal of infection
INTRODUCTION: The implementation of the Hib conjugate vaccine in the United Kingdom in 1992 resulted in a rapid decline in invasive Hib disease across all age groups. However, a resurgence in 2000-2002 prompted the introduction of additional control ...

Variants in GNPTAB, GNPTG and NAGPA genes are associated with stutterers.

Gene
Non-syndromic stuttering is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by disruptions in normal flow of speech in the form of repetition, prolongation and involuntary halts. Previously, mutations with more severe effects on GNPTAB and GNPTG have bee...

Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of tofacitinib in children with polyarticular course juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results of a phase 1, open-label, multicenter study.

Pediatric rheumatology online journal
BACKGROUND: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common pediatric rheumatic disease and a leading cause of childhood disability. The objective of this study was to characterize the PK, safety, and taste acceptability of tofacitinib in pati...

Metabolic profile of children with extrahepatic portal vein obstruction undergoing meso-Rex bypass.

The Journal of surgical research
BACKGROUND: Extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO) in children is often associated with growth restriction, which improves after the restoration of portal venous flow with a meso-Rex bypass, but the physiologic mechanism is unknown. The purpose...

An alternative method to measure the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide in infants.

Pediatric pulmonology
BACKGROUND: Lung diffusion assessed by the uptake of carbon monoxide (DL ) and alveolar volume (V ) by inert gas dilution are readily assessed in cooperative older subjects; however, obtaining these measurements in infants has been much more difficul...

Defining lower airway bacterial infection in children with chronic endobronchial disorders.

Pediatric pulmonology
BACKGROUND: Differentiating lower airway bacterial infection from possible upper airway contamination in children with endobronchial disorders undergoing bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is important for guiding management. A diagnostic bacterial load th...

Biomarker and shear stress in secondary pediatric pulmonary hypertension.

Turkish journal of medical sciences
Background/aim: Endothelial dysfunction, tissue damage, inflammation, and microthrombosis are involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH), which may be present as a complication of congenital heart diseases. This study aims to identif...