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Making the most of errors: Utilizing erroneous classifications generated by machine-learning models of neuroimaging data to capture disorder heterogeneity.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science
Within-disorder heterogeneity complicates mapping the neurobiological features of psychopathology to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders conceptualizations. The present study explored the patterns of diagnostic classification errors...

Leveraging normative personality data and machine learning to examine the brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science
Brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) remain poorly understood as limited OCPD assessment has precluded well-powered studies. Here, we tested whether machine learning (ML; elastic net regression, gradient boos...

Using machine learning to derive neurobiological subtypes of general psychopathology in late childhood.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science
Traditional mental health diagnoses rely on symptom-based classifications. Yet this approach can oversimplify clinical presentations as diagnoses often do not adequately map onto neurobiological features. Alternatively, our study used structural imag...

Deep Learning Reconstruction in Abdominopelvic Contrast-Enhanced CT for The Evaluation of Hemorrhages.

Radiologic technology
PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of deep learning reconstruction on depicting arteries and providing suitable images for the evaluation of hemorrhages with abdominopelvic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) compared with hybrid iterative re...

Strategies for integrating artificial intelligence into mammography screening programmes: a retrospective simulation analysis.

The Lancet. Digital health
BACKGROUND: Integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into mammography screening can support radiologists and improve programme metrics, yet the potential of different strategies for integrating the technology remains understudied. We compared program...

Artificial intelligence-enabled electrocardiogram for mortality and cardiovascular risk estimation: a model development and validation study.

The Lancet. Digital health
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled electrocardiography (ECG) can be used to predict risk of future disease and mortality but has not yet been adopted into clinical practice. Existing model predictions do not have actionability at an ind...

Assessing the impact of deep-learning assistance on the histopathological diagnosis of serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) in fallopian tubes.

The journal of pathology. Clinical research
In recent years, it has become clear that artificial intelligence (AI) models can achieve high accuracy in specific pathology-related tasks. An example is our deep-learning model, designed to automatically detect serous tubal intraepithelial carcinom...

Deep Learning to Discriminate Arteritic From Nonarteritic Ischemic Optic Neuropathy on Color Images.

JAMA ophthalmology
IMPORTANCE: Prompt and accurate diagnosis of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AAION) from giant cell arteritis and other systemic vasculitis can contribute to preventing irreversible vision loss from these conditions. Its clinical distin...

Boosting Deep Learning for Interpretable Brain MRI Lesion Detection through the Integration of Radiology Report Information.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence
Purpose To guide the attention of a deep learning (DL) model toward MRI characteristics of brain lesions by incorporating radiology report-derived textual features to achieve interpretable lesion detection. Materials and Methods In this retrospective...