AIMC Topic: Machine Learning

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Core Concepts in Pharmacoepidemiology: Principled Use of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Pharmacoepidemiology and Healthcare Research.

Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are important tools across many fields of health and medical research. Pharmacoepidemiologists can bring essential methodological rigor and study design expertise to the design and use of these t...

Machine learning-based clustering identifies obesity subgroups with differential multi-omics profiles and metabolic patterns.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
OBJECTIVE: Individuals living with obesity are differentially susceptible to cardiometabolic diseases. We hypothesized that an integrative multi-omics approach might improve identification of subgroups of individuals with obesity who have distinct ca...

Development and Validation of Machine Learning Models for Identifying Prediabetes and Diabetes in Normoglycemia.

Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews
BACKGROUND: Prediabetes and diabetes are both abnormal states of glucose metabolism (AGM) that can lead to severe complications. Early detection of AGM is crucial for timely intervention and treatment. However, fasting blood glucose (FBG) as a mass p...

Development of machine learning prediction model for AKI after craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma in craniocerebral trauma.

Medicine
The aim of this study was to develop a machine-learning prediction model for AKI after craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma in craniocerebral trauma. We included patients who underwent craniotomy and evacuation of hematoma due to traumatic brain inj...

Leveraging machine learning for preoperative prediction of supramaximal ablation in laser interstitial thermal therapy for brain tumors.

Neurosurgical focus
OBJECTIVE: Maximizing safe resection in neuro-oncology has become paramount to improving patient survival and outcomes. Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) offers similar survival benefits to traditional resection, alongside shorter hospital st...

Making the most of errors: Utilizing erroneous classifications generated by machine-learning models of neuroimaging data to capture disorder heterogeneity.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science
Within-disorder heterogeneity complicates mapping the neurobiological features of psychopathology to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders conceptualizations. The present study explored the patterns of diagnostic classification errors...

Leveraging normative personality data and machine learning to examine the brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science
Brain structure correlates of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) remain poorly understood as limited OCPD assessment has precluded well-powered studies. Here, we tested whether machine learning (ML; elastic net regression, gradient boos...

Using machine learning to derive neurobiological subtypes of general psychopathology in late childhood.

Journal of psychopathology and clinical science
Traditional mental health diagnoses rely on symptom-based classifications. Yet this approach can oversimplify clinical presentations as diagnoses often do not adequately map onto neurobiological features. Alternatively, our study used structural imag...

Sequence-Based Machine Learning Reveals 3D Genome Differences between Bonobos and Chimpanzees.

Genome biology and evolution
The 3D structure of the genome is an important mediator of gene expression. As phenotypic divergence is largely driven by gene regulatory variation, comparing genome 3D contacts across species can further understanding of the molecular basis of speci...

MS Pattern Explorer: interactive visual exploration of temporal activity patterns for multiple sclerosis.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVES: This article describes the design and evaluation of MS Pattern Explorer, a novel visual tool that uses interactive machine learning to analyze fitness wearables' data. Applied to a clinical study of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, the t...