AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Observational Studies as Topic

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Reducing negative emotions in children using social robots: systematic review.

Archives of disease in childhood
BACKGROUND: For many children, visiting the hospital can lead to a state of increased anxiety. Social robots are being explored as a possible tool to reduce anxiety and distress in children attending a clinical or hospital environment. Social robots ...

Moving from bytes to bedside: a systematic review on the use of artificial intelligence in the intensive care unit.

Intensive care medicine
PURPOSE: Due to the increasing demand for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, and to improve quality and efficiency of care, there is a need for adequate and efficient clinical decision-making. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) technol...

Retzius Sparing Radical Prostatectomy Versus Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy: Which Technique Is More Beneficial for Prostate Cancer Patients (MASTER Study)? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

European urology focus
CONTEXT: Retzius sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RS-RARP) is increasingly being used, but results of pertinent studies on perioperative, functional, and oncological outcomes comparing the Retzius sparing approach with standard robot-ass...

AIPW: An R Package for Augmented Inverse Probability-Weighted Estimation of Average Causal Effects.

American journal of epidemiology
An increasing number of recent studies have suggested that doubly robust estimators with cross-fitting should be used when estimating causal effects with machine learning methods. However, not all existing programs that implement doubly robust estima...

Recommended practices and ethical considerations for natural language processing-assisted observational research: A scoping review.

Clinical and translational science
An increasing number of studies have reported using natural language processing (NLP) to assist observational research by extracting clinical information from electronic health records (EHRs). Currently, no standardized reporting guidelines for NLP-a...

Frameworks for estimating causal effects in observational settings: comparing confounder adjustment and instrumental variables.

BMC medical research methodology
To estimate causal effects, analysts performing observational studies in health settings utilize several strategies to mitigate bias due to confounding by indication. There are two broad classes of approaches for these purposes: use of confounders an...