AI Medical Compendium Topic

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

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Comparing performance of primary care clinicians in the interpretation of SPIROmetry with or without Artificial Intelligence Decision support software (SPIRO-AID): a protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

BMJ open
INTRODUCTION: Spirometry is a point-of-care lung function test that helps support the diagnosis and monitoring of chronic lung disease. The quality and interpretation accuracy of spirometry is variable in primary care. This study aims to evaluate whe...

Association of retinal image-based, deep learning cardiac BioAge with telomere length and cardiovascular biomarkers.

Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry
SIGNIFICANCE: Our retinal image-based deep learning (DL) cardiac biological age (BioAge) model could facilitate fast, accurate, noninvasive screening for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in novel community settings and thus improve outcome with those wit...

A real-world test of artificial intelligence infiltration of a university examinations system: A "Turing Test" case study.

PloS one
The recent rise in artificial intelligence systems, such as ChatGPT, poses a fundamental problem for the educational sector. In universities and schools, many forms of assessment, such as coursework, are completed without invigilation. Therefore, stu...

"How I would like AI used for my imaging": children and young persons' perspectives.

European radiology
OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools are becoming more available in modern healthcare, particularly in radiology, although less attention has been paid to applications for children and young people. In the development of these, it is critic...

Association of Cardiovascular Health With Brain Age Estimated Using Machine Learning Methods in Middle-Aged and Older Adults.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cardiovascular health (CVH) has been associated with cognitive decline and dementia, but the extent to which CVH affects brain health remains unclear. We investigated the association of CVH, assessed using Life's Essential ...

Implementation of Anxiety UK's Ask Anxia Chatbot Service: Lessons Learned.

JMIR human factors
Chatbots are increasingly being applied in the context of health care, providing access to services when there are constraints on human resources. Simple, rule-based chatbots are suited to high-volume, repetitive tasks and can therefore be used effec...

Improving the Detection of Potential Cases of Familial Hypercholesterolemia: Could Machine Learning Be Part of the Solution?

Journal of the American Heart Association
BACKGROUND: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), while highly prevalent, is a significantly underdiagnosed monogenic disorder. Improved detection could reduce the large number of cardiovascular events attributable to poor case finding. We aimed to ass...

Mitigating machine learning bias between high income and low-middle income countries for enhanced model fairness and generalizability.

Scientific reports
Collaborative efforts in artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly common between high-income countries (HICs) and low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Given the resource limitations often encountered by LMICs, collaboration becomes crucial f...

Exploring Heterogeneity in Cost-Effectiveness Using Machine Learning Methods: A Case Study Using the FIRST-ABC Trial.

Medical care
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore heterogeneity in the cost-effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in children following extubation.

Mental health analysis of international students using machine learning techniques.

PloS one
International students' mental health has become an increasing concern in recent years, as more students leave their country for better education. They experience a wide range of challenges while studying abroad that have an impact on their psycholog...