Much of the human genome is transcribed into RNAs, many of which contain structural elements that are important for their function. Such RNA molecules-including those that are structured and well-folded-are conformationally heterogeneous and flexible...
Most birds can navigate seamlessly between aerial and terrestrial environments. Whereas the forelimbs evolved into wings primarily for flight, the hindlimbs serve diverse functions such as walking, hopping and leaping, and jumping take-off for transi...
Lower-limb exoskeletons have the potential to transform the way we move, but current state-of-the-art controllers cannot accommodate the rich set of possible human behaviours that range from cyclic and predictable to transitory and unstructured. We i...
The digitization of health records and growing availability of tumour DNA sequencing provide an opportunity to study the determinants of cancer outcomes with unprecedented richness. Patient data are often stored in unstructured text and siloed datase...
Autonomous laboratories can accelerate discoveries in chemical synthesis, but this requires automated measurements coupled with reliable decision-making. Most autonomous laboratories involve bespoke automated equipment, and reaction outcomes are ofte...
Biomolecular dynamics simulation is a fundamental technology for life sciences research, and its usefulness depends on its accuracy and efficiency. Classical molecular dynamics simulation is fast but lacks chemical accuracy. Quantum chemistry methods...
The prevailing methods to make large language models more powerful and amenable have been based on continuous scaling up (that is, increasing their size, data volume and computational resources) and bespoke shaping up (including post-filtering, fine ...
From industrial exoskeletons to implantable medical devices, robots that interact closely with people are poised to improve every aspect of our lives. Yet designing these systems is very challenging; humans are incredibly complex and, in many cases, ...
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is the domain of large resource-intensive data centres that limit access to a small community of developers. Neuromorphic hardware promises greatly improved space and energy efficiency for AI but is presently only capable...
Hundreds of millions of people now interact with language models, with uses ranging from help with writing to informing hiring decisions. However, these language models are known to perpetuate systematic racial prejudices, making their judgements bia...