AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Diagnosis, Differential

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Discovering hidden knowledge through auditing clinical diagnostic knowledge bases.

Journal of biomedical informatics Jun 22, 2018
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate potential for data mining auditing techniques to identify hidden concepts in diagnostic knowledge bases (KB). Improving completeness enhances KB applications such as differential diagnosis and patient case simulation.
Data Mining Expert Systems Medical Informatics Diagnosis, Differential Bayes Theorem Knowledge Bases Humans Machine Learning Algorithms Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ROC Curve Models, Statistical
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Machine learning "red dot": open-source, cloud, deep convolutional neural networks in chest radiograph binary normality classification.

Clinical radiology Jun 10, 2018
AIM: To develop a machine learning-based model for the binary classification of chest radiography abnormalities, to serve as a retrospective tool in guiding clinician reporting prioritisation.
Humans Diagnosis, Differential Datasets as Topic Radiography, Thoracic Cloud Computing Neural Networks, Computer Machine Learning Sensitivity and Specificity
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Distinguishing True Progression From Radionecrosis After Stereotactic Radiation Therapy for Brain Metastases With Machine Learning and Radiomics.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics May 24, 2018
PURPOSE: Treatment effect or radiation necrosis after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases is a common phenomenon often indistinguishable from true progression. Radiomics is an emerging field that promises to improve on conventional i...
Humans Machine Learning Aged Aged, 80 and over Adult Brain Neoplasms Diagnosis, Differential Radiosurgery Radiation Injuries Middle Aged Disease Progression Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Machine learning algorithms for accurate differential diagnosis of lymphocytosis based on cell population data.

British journal of haematology May 22, 2018
Machine Learning Algorithms Diagnosis, Differential Lymphocytosis Humans
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Machine Learning-based Texture Analysis of Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging to Differentiate between Glioblastoma and Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma.

Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine May 16, 2018
PURPOSE: Although advanced MRI techniques are increasingly available, imaging differentiation between glioblastoma and primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is sometimes confusing. We aimed to evaluate the performance of image classificatio...
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Central Nervous System Neoplasms Contrast Media Magnetic Resonance Imaging ROC Curve Humans Diagnosis, Differential Support Vector Machine Glioblastoma Machine Learning Lymphoma Retrospective Studies
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Identification of Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment using multimodal sparse hierarchical extreme learning machine.

Human brain mapping May 7, 2018
Different modalities such as structural MRI, FDG-PET, and CSF have complementary information, which is likely to be very useful for diagnosis of AD and MCI. Therefore, it is possible to develop a more effective and accurate AD/MCI automatic diagnosis...
Deep Learning Cognitive Dysfunction Support Vector Machine Magnetic Resonance Imaging Aged, 80 and over Male Middle Aged Diagnosis, Differential Alzheimer Disease Positron-Emission Tomography Humans Algorithms Databases, Factual Female Aged
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Deep learning Radiomics of shear wave elastography significantly improved diagnostic performance for assessing liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B: a prospective multicentre study.

Gut May 5, 2018
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the performance of the newly developed deep learning Radiomics of elastography (DLRE) for assessing liver fibrosis stages. DLRE adopts the radiomic strategy for quantitative analysis of the heterogeneity in two-dimensi...
Humans Prospective Studies Female Adult Elasticity Imaging Techniques Liver Cirrhosis Diagnosis, Differential Biopsy Hepatitis B, Chronic Male Deep Learning China
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Detecting oropharyngeal carcinoma using multispectral, narrow-band imaging and machine learning.

The Laryngoscope Mar 25, 2018
OBJECTIVE: To determine if multispectral narrow-band imaging (mNBI) can be used for automated, quantitative detection of oropharyngeal carcinoma (OPC).
Narrow Band Imaging Male Female Humans Bayes Theorem Aged Middle Aged Machine Learning Carcinoma Aged, 80 and over Diagnosis, Differential Prospective Studies Pattern Recognition, Automated Sensitivity and Specificity Oropharyngeal Neoplasms
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Deep feature classification of angiomyolipoma without visible fat and renal cell carcinoma in abdominal contrast-enhanced CT images with texture image patches and hand-crafted feature concatenation.

Medical physics Mar 25, 2018
PURPOSE: To develop an automatic deep feature classification (DFC) method for distinguishing benign angiomyolipoma without visible fat (AMLwvf) from malignant clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) from abdominal contrast-enhanced computer tomograph...
Angiomyolipoma Diagnosis, Differential Kidney Neoplasms Humans Carcinoma, Renal Cell Machine Learning Radiography, Abdominal Tomography, X-Ray Computed Sensitivity and Specificity Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Contrast Media
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Electroencephalographic derived network differences in Lewy body dementia compared to Alzheimer's disease patients.

Scientific reports Mar 15, 2018
Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) require differential management despite presenting with symptomatic overlap. Currently, there is a need of inexpensive DLB biomarkers which can be fulfilled by electroencephalography (EEG)....
Female Electroencephalography Aged Nerve Net Humans Alzheimer Disease Male Neural Networks, Computer Diagnosis, Differential Lewy Body Disease
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