AIMC Topic: Humans

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Retinal imaging in an era of open science and privacy protection.

Experimental eye research
Artificial intelligence (AI) holds great promise for analyzing complex data to advance patient care and disease research. For example, AI interpretation of retinal imaging may enable the development of noninvasive retinal biomarkers of systemic disea...

Optimizing fractionation schedules for de-escalation radiotherapy in head and neck cancers using deep reinforcement learning.

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
PURPOSE: Patients with locally-advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs), particularly those related to human papillomavirus (HPV), often achieve good locoregional control (LRC), yet they suffer significant toxicities from standard che...

A deep learning approach to multi-fiber parameter estimation and uncertainty quantification in diffusion MRI.

Medical image analysis
Diffusion MRI (dMRI) is the primary imaging modality used to study brain microstructure in vivo. Reliable and computationally efficient parameter inference for common dMRI biophysical models is a challenging inverse problem, due to factors such as va...

Interpretable machine learning for thyroid cancer recurrence predicton: Leveraging XGBoost and SHAP analysis.

European journal of radiology
PURPOSE: For patients suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), several clinical, laboratory, and pathological features (including patient age, tumor size, extrathyroidal extension, or serum thyroglobulin levels) are currently used to ident...

A novel data-driven approach for Personas validation in healthcare using self-supervised machine learning.

Journal of biomedical informatics
OBJECTIVE: Persona validation is a challenging task, often relying on costly external validation methods. The aim of this study was the development of a novel method for Personas validation based on data already available during their creation.

Explainable artificial intelligence to quantify adenoid hypertrophy-related upper airway obstruction using 3D Shape Analysis.

Journal of dentistry
OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an explainable Artificial Intelligence (AI) model for classifying and quantifying upper airway obstruction related to adenoid hypertrophy using three-dimensional (3D) shape analysis of cone-beam computed tomography...

Technical and regulatory challenges in artificial intelligence-based pulse oximetry: a proposed development pipeline.

British journal of anaesthesia
Pulse oximetry, although generally effective under ideal conditions, faces challenges in accurately estimating peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO) in complex clinical scenarios, particularly at lower saturation levels and in patients with darker skin ...

An artificial intelligence-informed proof of concept model for an ecological framework of healthy longevity forcing factors in the United States.

Current problems in cardiology
Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors are a doorway to downstream health consequences characterized by the following: 1) poor quality of life and diminished mobility; 2) increased likelihood of chronic disease risk factors and diagnoses; and, ultimately, 3) ...

How to leverage large language models for automatic ICD coding.

Computers in biology and medicine
ICD coding, which involves assigning appropriate ICD codes to clinical notes, is essential for healthcare tasks such as health expense claims, insurance claims, and disease research. Manual ICD coding is time-consuming and prone to errors, increasing...

A comprehensive review of neurotransmitter modulation via artificial intelligence: A new frontier in personalized neurobiochemistry.

Computers in biology and medicine
The deployment of artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing neuropharmacology and drug development, allowing the modulation of neurotransmitter systems at the personal level. This review focuses on the neuropharmacology and regulation of neurot...