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Patient Selection

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Artificial intelligence tools for optimising recruitment and retention in clinical trials: a scoping review protocol.

BMJ open
INTRODUCTION: In recent years, the influence of artificial intelligence technology on clinical trials has been steadily increasing. It has brought about significant improvements in the efficiency and cost reduction of clinical trials. The objective o...

Artificial intelligence and nonoperating room anesthesia.

Current opinion in anaesthesiology
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in nonoperating room anesthesia (NORA) represents a timely and significant advancement. As the demand for NORA services expands, the application of AI is poised to improve patient sel...

A multiview deep learning-based prediction pipeline augmented with confident learning can improve performance in determining knee arthroplasty candidates.

Knee surgery, sports traumatology, arthroscopy : official journal of the ESSKA
PURPOSE: Preoperative prudent patient selection plays a crucial role in knee osteoarthritis management but faces challenges in appropriate referrals such as total knee arthroplasty (TKA), unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and nonoperative inte...

Analysis of factors that indicated surgery in 400 patients submitted to a complete diagnostic workup for obstructed defecation syndrome and rectal prolapse using a supervised machine learning algorithm.

Techniques in coloproctology
BACKGROUND: Patient selection is extremely important in obstructed defecation syndrome (ODS) and rectal prolapse (RP) surgery. This study assessed factors that guided the indications for ODS and RP surgery and their specific role in our decision-maki...

Development and deployment of a histopathology-based deep learning algorithm for patient prescreening in a clinical trial.

Nature communications
Accurate identification of genetic alterations in tumors, such as Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor, is crucial for treating with targeted therapies; however, molecular testing can delay patient care due to the time and tissue required. Successful de...

AI-based selection of individuals for supplemental MRI in population-based breast cancer screening: the randomized ScreenTrustMRI trial.

Nature medicine
Screening mammography reduces breast cancer mortality, but studies analyzing interval cancers diagnosed after negative screens have shown that many cancers are missed. Supplemental screening using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can reduce the numbe...

Use of natural language processing techniques to predict patient selection for total hip and knee arthroplasty from radiology reports.

The bone & joint journal
AIMS: To examine whether natural language processing (NLP) using a clinically based large language model (LLM) could be used to predict patient selection for total hip or total knee arthroplasty (THA/TKA) from routinely available free-text radiology ...

Machine learning and natural language processing in clinical trial eligibility criteria parsing: a scoping review.

Drug discovery today
Automatic eligibility criteria parsing in clinical trials is crucial for cohort recruitment leading to data validity and trial completion. Recent years have witnessed an explosion of powerful machine learning (ML) and natural language processing (NLP...

AI-based automation of enrollment criteria and endpoint assessment in clinical trials in liver diseases.

Nature medicine
Clinical trials in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH, formerly known as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis) require histologic scoring for assessment of inclusion criteria and endpoints. However, variability in interpretation has impac...