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Basal Ganglia

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GNN-based structural information to improve DNN-based basal ganglia segmentation in children following early brain lesion.

Computerized medical imaging and graphics : the official journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society
Analyzing the basal ganglia following an early brain lesion is crucial due to their noteworthy role in sensory-motor functions. However, the segmentation of these subcortical structures on MRI is challenging in children and is further complicated by ...

Improved segmentation of basal ganglia from MR images using convolutional neural network with crossover-typed skip connection.

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery
PURPOSE: Accurate and automatic segmentation of basal ganglia from magnetic resonance (MR) images is important for diagnosis and treatment of various brain disorders. However, the basal ganglia segmentation is a challenging task because of the class ...

Basal ganglia network dynamics and function: Role of direct, indirect and hyper-direct pathways in action selection.

Network (Bristol, England)
Basal ganglia (BG) are a widely recognized neural basis for action selection, but its decision-making mechanism is still a difficult problem for researchers. Therefore, we constructed a spiking neural network inspired by the BG anatomical data. Simul...

Interaction of Indirect and Hyperdirect Pathways on Synchrony and Tremor-Related Oscillation in the Basal Ganglia.

Neural plasticity
Low-frequency oscillatory activity (3-9 Hz) and increased synchrony in the basal ganglia (BG) are recognized to be crucial for Parkinsonian tremor. However, the dynamical mechanism underlying the tremor-related oscillations still remains unknown. In ...

Identifying the Basal Ganglia network model markers for medication-induced impulsivity in Parkinson's disease patients.

PloS one
Impulsivity, i.e. irresistibility in the execution of actions, may be prominent in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients who are treated with dopamine precursors or dopamine receptor agonists. In this study, we combine clinical investigations with comput...

A spiking neural network based on the basal ganglia functional anatomy.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
We introduce a spiking neural network of the basal ganglia capable of learning stimulus-action associations. We model learning in the three major basal ganglia pathways, direct, indirect and hyperdirect, by spike time dependent learning and consideri...

MRI-visible dilated perivascular spaces in healthy young adults: A twin heritability study.

Human brain mapping
We investigated the narrow-sense heritability of MRI-visible dilated perivascular spaces (dPVS) in healthy young adult twins and nontwin siblings (138 monozygotic, 79 dizygotic twin pairs, and 133 nontwin sibling pairs; 28.7 ± 3.6 years) from the Hum...

Grab-AD: Generalizability and reproducibility of altered brain activity and diagnostic classification in Alzheimer's Disease.

Human brain mapping
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with disruptions in brain activity and networks. However, there is substantial inconsistency among studies that have investigated functional brain alterations in AD; such contradictions have hindered efforts to ...

Functional, Anatomical, and Morphological Networks Highlight the Role of Basal Ganglia-Thalamus-Cortex Circuits in Schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia bulletin
Evidence from electrophysiological, functional, and structural research suggests that abnormal brain connectivity plays an important role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, most previous studies have focused on single modalities only, ...