AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Diagnosis, Differential

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Multiparametric MRI-Based Interpretable Radiomics Machine Learning Model Differentiates Medulloblastoma and Ependymoma in Children: A Two-Center Study.

Academic radiology
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Medulloblastoma (MB) and Ependymoma (EM) in children, share similarities in age group, tumor location, and clinical presentation. Distinguishing between them through clinical diagnosis is challenging. This study aims to expl...

How does deep learning/machine learning perform in comparison to radiologists in distinguishing glioblastomas (or grade IV astrocytomas) from primary CNS lymphomas?: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Clinical radiology
BACKGROUND: Several studies have been published comparing deep learning (DL)/machine learning (ML) to radiologists in differentiating PCNSLs from GBMs with equivocal results. We aimed to perform this meta-analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy ...

Differential Diagnosis of Diabetic Foot Osteomyelitis and Charcot Neuropathic Osteoarthropathy with Deep Learning Methods.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
Our study aims to evaluate the potential of a deep learning (DL) algorithm for differentiating the signal intensity of bone marrow between osteomyelitis (OM), Charcot neuropathic osteoarthropathy (CNO), and trauma (TR). The local ethics committee app...

Accuracy of machine learning in the preoperative identification of ovarian borderline tumors: a meta-analysis.

Clinical radiology
AIM: The objective of this study is to explore the diagnostic value of machine learning (ML) in borderline ovarian tumors through meta-analysis.

Can ChatGPT-4 evaluate whether a differential diagnosis list contains the correct diagnosis as accurately as a physician?

Diagnosis (Berlin, Germany)
OBJECTIVES: The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, particularly the fourth-generation chat generative pretrained transformer (ChatGPT-4), in assisting with medical diagnosis is an emerging research area. While there has been signific...

Cine-cardiac magnetic resonance to distinguish between ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathies: a machine learning approach.

European radiology
OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to derive a machine learning (ML) model for the differentiation between ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICM) and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy (NICM) on non-contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).

Differentiation of testicular seminomas from nonseminomas based on multiphase CT radiomics combined with machine learning: A multicenter study.

European journal of radiology
BACKGROUND: Differentiating seminomas from nonseminomas is crucial for formulating optimal treatment strategies for testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs). Therefore, our study aimed to develop and validate a clinical-radiomics model for this purpose.

Deep Learning Radiomics Analysis of CT Imaging for Differentiating Between Crohn's Disease and Intestinal Tuberculosis.

Journal of imaging informatics in medicine
This study aimed to develop and evaluate a CT-based deep learning radiomics model for differentiating between Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB). A total of 330 patients with pathologically confirmed as CD or ITB from the First Af...

The effect of incorporating domain knowledge with deep learning in identifying benign and malignant gastric whitish lesions: A retrospective study.

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Early whitish gastric neoplasms can be easily misdiagnosed; differential diagnosis of gastric whitish lesions remains a challenge. We aim to build a deep learning (DL) model to diagnose whitish gastric neoplasms and explore the ef...