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A PET/CT-based 3D deep learning model for predicting spread through air spaces in stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico
PURPOSE: This study evaluates a three-dimensional (3D) deep learning (DL) model based on fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) for predicting the preoperative status of spread through air spa...

Using machine learning to predict poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy among adolescents with HIV in low resource settings.

AIDS (London, England)
OBJECTIVES: Achieving optimal adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) and viral suppression is still insufficient for attaining the UNAIDS 95-95-95 target of 2030, especially among adolescents with HIV (AWHIV). This study sought to develop a model ...

Deep Learning-Enhanced Ultra-high-resolution CT Imaging for Superior Temporal Bone Visualization.

Academic radiology
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: This study assesses the image quality of temporal bone ultra-high-resolution (UHR) Computed tomography (CT) scans in adults and children using hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) and a novel, vendor-specific deep learning-...

Beyond human perception: challenges in AI interpretability of orangutan artwork.

Primates; journal of primatology
Drawings serve as a profound medium of expression for both humans and apes, offering unique insights into the cognitive and emotional landscapes of the artists, regardless of their species. This study employs artificial intelligence (AI), specificall...

Generative Artificial Intelligence and Misinformation Acceptance: An Experimental Test of the Effect of Forewarning About Artificial Intelligence Hallucination.

Cyberpsychology, behavior and social networking
Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools could create statements that are seemingly plausible but factually incorrect. This is referred to as AI hallucination, which can contribute to the generation and dissemination of misinformation. Thus, the...

Deep transfer learning radiomics for distinguishing sinonasal malignancies: a preliminary MRI study.

Future oncology (London, England)
PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic accuracy of combining MRI hand-crafted (HC) radiomics features with deep transfer learning (DTL) in identifying sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), and non-Hodgki...

Utilization and perception of generative artificial intelligence by medical students in residency applications.

Journal of investigative medicine : the official publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research
After completing medical school in the United States, most students apply to residency programs to progress in their training. The residency application process contains numerous writing sections, including the personal statement, curriculum vitae, a...

Deep learning to quantify the pace of brain aging in relation to neurocognitive changes.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Brain age (BA), distinct from chronological age (CA), can be estimated from MRIs to evaluate neuroanatomic aging in cognitively normal (CN) individuals. BA, however, is a cross-sectional measure that summarizes cumulative neuroanatomic aging since bi...

Inductive reasoning with large language models: A simulated randomized controlled trial for epilepsy.

Epilepsy research
INTRODUCTION: To investigate the potential of using artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), for synthesizing information in a simulated randomized clinical trial (RCT) for an anti-seizure medication, cenobamate, demon...