AIMC Topic: Humans

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MyEcoReporter: a prototype for artificial intelligence-facilitated pollution reporting.

Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology
BACKGROUND: Many chemical releases are first noticed by community members, but reporting these concerns often involves considerable hurdles. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled technologies, especially large language models (LLMs), can potentially r...

Transforming Physiology and Healthcare through Foundation Models.

Physiology (Bethesda, Md.)
Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) may significantly alter physiological research and healthcare delivery. Whereas AI applications in medicine have historically been trained for specific tasks, recent technological advances have prod...

Perfusion estimation from dynamic non-contrast computed tomography using self-supervised learning and a physics-inspired U-net transformer architecture.

International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery
PURPOSE: Pulmonary perfusion imaging is a key lung health indicator with clinical utility as a diagnostic and treatment planning tool. However, current nuclear medicine modalities face challenges like low spatial resolution and long acquisition times...

C MAL: cascaded network-guided class-balanced multi-prototype auxiliary learning for source-free domain adaptive medical image segmentation.

Medical & biological engineering & computing
Source-free domain adaptation (SFDA) has become crucial in medical image analysis, enabling the adaptation of source models across diverse datasets without labeled target domain images. Self-training, a popular SFDA approach, iteratively refines self...

Challenges in standardizing preimplantation kidney biopsy assessments and the potential of AI-Driven solutions.

Current opinion in nephrology and hypertension
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review explores the variability in preimplantation kidney biopsy processing methods, emphasizing their impact on histological interpretation and allocation decisions driven by biopsy findings. With the increasing use of artifi...

Predicting doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in breast cancer: leveraging machine learning with synthetic data.

Medical & biological engineering & computing
Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a primary treatment for breast cancer but can cause cardiotoxicity in over 25% of patients within the first year post-chemotherapy. Recognizing at-risk patients before DOXO initiation offers pathways for alternative treatments o...

Diagnostic accuracy of an automated classifier for the detection of pleural effusions in patients undergoing lung ultrasound.

The American journal of emergency medicine
RATIONALE: Lung ultrasound, the most precise diagnostic tool for pleural effusions, is underutilized due to healthcare providers' limited proficiency. To address this, deep learning models can be trained to recognize pleural effusions. However, curre...

TractGraphFormer: Anatomically informed hybrid graph CNN-transformer network for interpretable sex and age prediction from diffusion MRI tractography.

Medical image analysis
The relationship between brain connections and non-imaging phenotypes is increasingly studied using deep neural networks. However, the local and global properties of the brain's white matter networks are often overlooked in convolutional network desi...

Multiscale feature enhanced gating network for atrial fibrillation detection.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant cause of life-threatening heart disease due to its potential to lead to stroke and heart failure. Although deep learning-assisted diagnosis of AF based on ECG holds significance in c...

Sulfonic acid functionalized β-amyloid peptide aggregation inhibitors and antioxidant agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Combining machine learning, computational, in vitro and in vivo approaches.

International journal of biological macromolecules
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized as a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by plaque formation by accumulating β-amyloid (Aβ), leading to neurocognitive function and impaired mental development. Thus, targeting Aβ represents a promising...