AIMC Topic: Humans

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Automated Pathologic TN Classification Prediction and Rationale Generation From Lung Cancer Surgical Pathology Reports Using a Large Language Model Fine-Tuned With Chain-of-Thought: Algorithm Development and Validation Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: Traditional rule-based natural language processing approaches in electronic health record systems are effective but are often time-consuming and prone to errors when handling unstructured data. This is primarily due to the substantial man...

Quantifying interpretation reproducibility in Vision Transformer models with TAVAC.

Science advances
Deep learning algorithms can extract meaningful diagnostic features from biomedical images, promising improved patient care in digital pathology. Vision Transformer (ViT) models capture long-range spatial relationships and offer robust prediction pow...

Domain adaptation in small-scale and heterogeneous biological datasets.

Science advances
Machine-learning models are key to modern biology, yet models trained on one dataset are often not generalizable to other datasets from different cohorts or laboratories due to both technical and biological differences. Domain adaptation, a type of t...

Identification of Gender Differences in Acute Myocardial Infarction Presentation and Management at Aga Khan University Hospital-Pakistan: Natural Language Processing Application in a Dataset of Patients With Cardiovascular Disease.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: Ischemic heart disease is a leading cause of death globally with a disproportionate burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Natural language processing (NLP) allows for data enrichment in large datasets to facilitate key clini...

Early Attrition Prediction for Web-Based Interpretation Bias Modification to Reduce Anxious Thinking: A Machine Learning Study.

JMIR mental health
BACKGROUND: Digital mental health is a promising paradigm for individualized, patient-driven health care. For example, cognitive bias modification programs that target interpretation biases (cognitive bias modification for interpretation [CBM-I]) can...

AI-based classification of anticancer drugs reveals nucleolar condensation as a predictor of immunogenicity.

Molecular cancer
BACKGROUND: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) inducers are often identified in phenotypic screening campaigns by the release or surface exposure of various danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from malignant cells. This study aimed to streamline t...

Using artificial intelligence to predict post-operative outcomes in congenital heart surgeries: a systematic review.

BMC cardiovascular disorders
INTRODUCTION: Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents the most common group of congenital anomalies, constitutes a significant contributor to the burden of non-communicable diseases, highlighting the critical need for improved risk assessment tools...

Automated Identification of Breast Cancer Relapse in Computed Tomography Reports Using Natural Language Processing.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Breast cancer relapses are rarely collected by cancer registries because of logistical and financial constraints. Hence, we investigated natural language processing (NLP), enhanced with state-of-the-art deep learning transformer tools and la...

Implementation Strategy for Artificial Intelligence in Radiotherapy: Can Implementation Science Help?

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications in radiotherapy (RT) are expected to save time and improve quality, but implementation remains limited. Therefore, we used implementation science to develop a format for designing an implementation s...

How do machine learning models perform in the detection of depression, anxiety, and stress among undergraduate students? A systematic review.

Cadernos de saude publica
Undergraduate students are often impacted by depression, anxiety, and stress. In this context, machine learning may support mental health assessment. Based on the following research question: "How do machine learning models perform in the detection o...