AIMC Topic: Intensive Care Units, Pediatric

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Expert-augmented machine learning for predicting extubation readiness in the pediatric intensive care unit.

BMC medical informatics and decision making Jul 1, 2025
BACKGROUND: Determining extubation readiness in pediatric intensive care units (PICU) is challenging. We used expert-augmented machine learning (EAML), a method that combines machine learning with human expert knowledge, to predict successful extubat...
Humans Infant Child, Preschool Child Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Airway Extubation Machine Learning Electronic Health Records Female Male
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Construction and validation of a pain facial expressions dataset for critically ill children.

Scientific reports May 17, 2025
Automatic pain assessment for non-communicative children is in high demand. However, the availability of related training datasets remains limited. This study focuses on creating a large-scale dataset of pain facial expressions specifically for Chine...
Deep Learning Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Pain Facial Expression Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Pain Measurement Critical Illness Female Male Infant Humans
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Development and Validation of an Electronic Health Record-Based, Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Subphenotype Classifier Model.

Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies Mar 6, 2025
OBJECTIVE: To determine if hyperinflammatory and hypoinflammatory pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) subphenotypes defined using serum biomarkers can be determined solely from electronic health record (EHR) data using machine learn...
Humans Machine Learning Phenotype Male Infant Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Biomarkers Retrospective Studies Electronic Health Records Female Intensive Care Units, Pediatric ROC Curve Respiratory Distress Syndrome
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Tailoring ventilation and respiratory management in pediatric critical care: optimizing care with precision medicine.

Current opinion in pediatrics Feb 12, 2025
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Critically ill children admitted to the intensive care unit frequently need respiratory care to support the lung function. Mechanical ventilation is a complex field with multiples parameters to set. The development of precision med...
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Critical Care Ventilator Weaning Precision Medicine Critical Illness Respiration, Artificial Child Humans
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Machine Learning-Based Pediatric Early Warning Score: Patient Outcomes in a Pre- Versus Post-Implementation Study, 2019-2023.

Pediatric critical care medicine : a journal of the Society of Critical Care Medicine and the World Federation of Pediatric Intensive and Critical Care Societies Feb 6, 2025
OBJECTIVES: To describe the deployment of pediatric Calculated Assessment of Risk and Triage (pCART), a machine learning (ML) model to predict the risk of the direct ward to the ICU transfer within 12 hours, and the associated improved outcomes among...
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Triage Patient Transfer Early Warning Score Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Hospital Mortality Humans Machine Learning Female Risk Assessment Infant Respiration, Artificial Infant, Newborn Male
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Interoperable Models for Identifying Critically Ill Children at Risk of Neurologic Morbidity.

JAMA network open Feb 3, 2025
IMPORTANCE: Decreasing mortality in the field of pediatric critical care medicine has shifted practicing clinicians' attention to preserving patients' neurodevelopmental potential as a main objective. Earlier identification of critically ill children...
Nervous System Diseases Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Humans Machine Learning Biomarkers Prognosis Male Risk Assessment Infant Critical Illness Female
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Plasma IL-17A is increased in patients with critical MIS-C and associated to in-hospital mortality.

Frontiers in immunology Jan 27, 2025
BACKGROUND: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe post-COVID-19 complication with multiple phenotypes.
Oxidative Stress ROC Curve Infant Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Interleukin-17 Hospital Mortality Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Female Infant, Newborn SARS-CoV-2 Male Humans COVID-19 Prospective Studies Biomarkers
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Exploring Heterogeneity in the Cost-Effectiveness of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Therapy in Acutely Ill Children-Insights From the Step-Up First-line Support for Assistance in Breathing in Children Trial Using a Machine Learning Method.

Value in health : the journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research Sep 28, 2024
OBJECTIVES: To investigate heterogeneity in the cost-effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) for acutely ill children requiring noninvasive respiratory support.
Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Multicenter Studies as Topic Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Acute Disease United Kingdom Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Cost-Benefit Analysis Quality-Adjusted Life Years Infant Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Machine Learning Female Infant, Newborn Male Equivalence Trials as Topic Cannula Humans
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From bytes to bedside: a systematic review on the use and readiness of artificial intelligence in the neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit.

Intensive care medicine Sep 12, 2024
PURPOSE: Despite its promise to enhance patient outcomes and support clinical decision making, clinical use of artificial intelligence (AI) models at the bedside remains limited. Translation of advancements in AI research into tangible clinical benef...
Intensive Care Units, Neonatal Critical Illness Infant, Newborn Child Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Humans Artificial Intelligence
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Exploring Heterogeneity in Cost-Effectiveness Using Machine Learning Methods: A Case Study Using the FIRST-ABC Trial.

Medical care Jun 7, 2024
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to explore heterogeneity in the cost-effectiveness of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) therapy compared with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in children following extubation.
Female Male Infant Child, Preschool Humans Machine Learning United Kingdom Oxygen Inhalation Therapy Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Cannula Child Intensive Care Units, Pediatric Cost-Benefit Analysis Quality-Adjusted Life Years
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